Izibani ze-LED ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuphepha kokuqhuma

Ezimweni zokukhuphuka kokuqhuma, izidingo zokuphepha ezikhethekile zibekwe ekukhanyeni okwenziwe. Ukuze ugweme izingozi, izibani zifakwa enguqulweni yokuvikela ukuqhuma. Izibani zokukhanyisa ezinezibani eziholayo ziyinguqulo yesimanje kakhulu yemikhiqizo enjalo.

Izici zokuklama

Amalambu angaqhumi anezinto eziningi zokuklama:

• eklanywe ngezinto ezikwazi ukumelana nomlilo;
• izindlu ezenziwe ngepulasitiki ye-polymer noma ingilazi enamandla kakhulu imelana nokushisa okuphezulu;
• izakhi zensimbi ezikhanyayo zivimbela ukushisa;
• Uhlaka oluqinisiwe lunikeza amandla amakhulu.

Kukhona izici ezengeziwe zobuchwepheshe zokuvikela okuthembeke nakakhulu ekuqhumeni:

• isekethe kagesi ephephile ngaphakathi;
• amagesi angenayo ngaphakathi kwekesi;
• ukucindezela komzimba ngokweqile.

Ngenxa yezinto ezingavamile zokuthuthukiswa, izibani zigcina ubuqotho bazo ngaphansi kwethonya lezici zokukhiqiza. Abesabi:

• ukudlidliza;
• ukucindezela;
• izindawo ezinolaka;
• amazinga okushisa aphakeme.

Imininingwane

Amapharamitha amalambu angaqhumi afaka:

• Amakilasi okuvikela ukuqhuma. Amalambu angaqhumi ahlukaniswe amakilasi ama-3 kuye ngendawo afakwe kuyo ngokwesikhathi kanye nokuba khona kwengxube eqhumayo yamagesi:
  • isigaba 0 – endaweni lapho amagesi aqhuma khona njalo noma isikhathi eside;
  • isigaba 1 – endaweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthola ingxube yegesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile;
  • isigaba 2 – endaweni lapho ingxube yegesi ingekho noma ibonakala ngokungavamile futhi isikhathi esifushane.

• I- Luminous flux – ukuphuma kokukhanya kweyunithi ethile yesikhathi, kukalwa ngamaLumens (lm). Ububanzi bamandla akhazimulayo buhluka ezibanini ze-LED kusuka ku-200 kuya ku-2500 lm, okuphakeme – okukhanyayo.
• Amandla inani lamandla aguqulwa abe ukukhanya futhi akalwa ngama-Watts (W). Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, izibani ze-3-15 W zikhiqizwa, ezimbonini – kufika ku-100 W.
• Amazinga okushisa okusebenza – asukela esikalini ngamadigri Celsius ukusuka – 60 kuya ku-100 kumalambu anokuvikelwa kwe-polycarbonate, aze afike ku-550 uma usebenzisa ingilazi ye-borosilicate engazweli ukushisa.
• I- Pulsation coefficient – amandla okuguquguquka kokugeleza kokukhanya, kukalwa nge%. I-Flicker yezibani ze-LED 0% ngaphansi kwesimo samanje esizinzile.
• Izinga lokushisa elishisayo lemithombo ye-LED liwumbala wokukhanya okumhlophe, kukalwa ngo-Kelvin (K). Zihlukaniswe zibe ezifudumele (2700-3500 K), hlangothi (3500-5000 K), ezibandayo (5000-6600 K). Ama-Hues angaphezu kuka-3500 K asetshenziswa njengezibani eziphuthumayo.

Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa

Izinto ezilungiswayo ze-LED ezingaqhumi ziyathuthuka nsuku zonke futhi zinenani lezinzuzo ezibalulekile ngaphezu kwe-fluorescent ne-incandescent:

• Ukuvikelwa okuphelele koku :
  • isifunda esifushane kanye nokwanda kwe-voltage kunethiwekhi;
  • imithelela, ngenxa yengilazi ye-diffuser ehlala isikhathi eside;
  • ukucekelwa phansi kwengcindezi ephezulu;
  • ukungena komswakama wothuli esibanini.
• Ukukhishwa kokukhanya okuphezulu kusebenza kahle izikhathi ezi-2 kunezibani ze-fluorescent nezonga amandla, izikhathi ezi-7 zisebenza kahle kakhulu kunezibani ezindala ze-incandescent.
• Ukuphumelela Kwamandla . Guqula ugesi ube ukukhanya ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu. Amalambu e-LED ahlanganiswe ezikhanyisini anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okungenani ngo-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ze-fluorescent futhi ngo-85% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ze-incandescent ekukhanyeni okufanayo.
• Impilo yesevisi eqinisekisiwe yezibani ze- LED amahora angu-60,000, izibani ze-fluorescent zingaphansi izikhathi ezingu-8, futhi izibani ze-incandescent zingaphansi izikhathi ezingu-50.
• Ubungane bemvelo . Aziqukethe izinsimbi ezinobuthi futhi azidingi ukulahlwa okukhethekile.

Isicelo

Izibani ezingaqhumisi ziklanywe ngendlela yokuthi izinhlansi zingenzeki kuzo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azikwazi ukubangela ukuqhuma ezitolo zokukhiqiza ezinokuqhuma okuphezulu nobungozi bomlilo, ngaphansi kwethonya lezindawo ezinolaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani ze-LED ezingaqhumi:

• emagcekeni ezimboni;
• ngaphandle;
• emagalaji kaphethiloli;
• okokugqama.

Imithombo yokukhanya evikela ukuqhuma iyadingeka emikhakheni yezomnotho lapho isetshenziswa khona ngenxa yokuncipha okukhulu kwezimo eziphuthumayo:

• ekumbiweni kwamaminerali;
• embonini kafulawa;
• endaweni yokukhiqiza igesi namafutha;
• ezitshalweni zikagesi;
• embonini yamakhemikhali;
• ku-metallurgy;
• embonini yezinkuni.

Izinhlobo zezibani ezivikela ukuqhuma

Zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo zimakiwe, izinhlamvu ezithi Ex zibonisa ukwakheka okungaqhumi. Izimpawu ezisephakejini ziyimpinda kukesi lensimbi noma ipuleti lensimbi – i-nameplate. Ukuze sinqume ukuthi yimuphi umthombo wokukhanya odingekayo ezimbonini ezithile nezimo, ake sibheke izinhlobo zezinto zokulungisa nokumaka.

Ngokwezinga lokuvikelwa kokuqhuma

Amalambu angama-LED angaqhumi ahlukaniswe ngamaleveli ama-3:

• 0 – ikakhulukazi ingaqhumi (vikela ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza);
• I-1 – i-explosion-proof (nikeza ukuvikelwa kokubili ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile futhi uma kwenzeka umonakalo);
• I-2 – ukuthembeka okukhulayo (ukuvikelwa okuthuthukisiwe).

Ngohlobo lokuvikela

Imikhiqizo ingaba nokumaka okulandelayo:

• o – ukugcwaliswa kwamafutha egobolondo – ukucwiliswa oketshezini oluvikelayo oluvimbela ukuthungela;
• p – ukugcwalisa igesi elivikelayo ngaphansi kwengcindezi – kudala indawo evimbela ukuqhuma ku-luminaire ngokuguquguquka kwengcindezi;
• q – ukugcwaliswa kwe-quartz – akuvikeli ekuqhumeni kwesibani, kodwa kuvimbela ukuqhuma kwangaphandle;
• d – igobolondo elingenamlilo – limelana nokuqhuma kwangaphakathi ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwecala lokuvikela;
• e – ukuvikelwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme;
• i – isekethe kagesi ephephile – isekela amandla amanje aphephile;
• m – ukufakwa kwezingxenye zesibani ezikwazi ukukhanyisa nge-compound;
• n – uhlobo lokuvikela ukusetshenziswa okuvamile ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezandisiwe.

Izici ezihlukile zokusebenza ezindaweni ezahlukene

Amalambu angaqhumi ngokwezici zomsebenzi ezindaweni ezihlukene ahlukaniswe ngamakilasi:

• 1 – esetshenziswa ezimayini;
• 2 – esetshenziswa ezakhiweni zezimboni eziqhumayo nasekufakweni kwangaphandle;
• I-3 – ifakwe ezimbonini ezinothuli oluqhumayo.

Izibani ezivikela ukuqhuma ezinamalambu e-LED ziyinketho engcono kakhulu yezindawo ezinengozi yokuqhuma. Ngenxa yohlu olubanzi lwamamodeli, akunzima ukukhetha isibani kunoma yimiphi imingcele.