Indlela yokubala amandla adingekayo ezibani ze-LED?

Izinhlobo ezivamile zezibani emakethe yaseRussia ziyi-halogen, i-fluorescent, izibani ezijwayelekile ze-incandescent kanye nemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED. Kuzo zonke izigaba, ama-LED ahamba phambili namuhla. Ama-analogue angaphansi kwawo ngenani lezinqubo, okuyinhloko okuyinkomba yamandla ehlobene nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.

Ayini amandla amalambu e-LED?

Amandla amalambu e-LED ahluka ukusuka ku-1W ukuya ku-14W. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukulinganiswa kwamandla akunqumi ukukhanya kwesibani. Isibani se-LED esingu-7-watt sikhanya ngokuqina okufanayo nokwelambu le-incandescent lakudala elingu-60-watt.

Kukhona nomqondo othi “isici samandla amalambu e-LED”. Leli nani lilingana nesilinganiso samandla asebenzayo omthwalo osetshenzisiwe kumandla abonakalayo. Ipharamitha yokugcina ibonisa umkhiqizo wevelu ye-RMS ye-voltage neyamanje.

Amandla ezibani ze-LED akalwa kanjani?

Isici sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu kubathengi amandla e-backlight ye-LED. Ukusebenza kahle kokukhanyisa kuncike kunkomba. Amandla esibani se-diode akalwa ngama-watts.

Izici zamandla ezimenyezelwe umenzi ephaketheni ngezinye izikhathi zingase zingahambelani ngokoqobo nokulindelwe. Naka ipharamitha ye- flux ekhanyayo yesibani esiholelekile – nguye obhekene nokukhanya.

Yimaphi amapharamitha athintwa amandla e-LED?

Ngaphezu kwamandla, lapho ukhetha isibani se-LED , bheka izici ezimbalwa zobuchwepheshe. Zonke zithinta ikhwalithi yokukhanyisa.

Ukugeleza okukhanyayo

Ukukhanya okukhishwa yi-diode noma omunye umthombo kubizwa ngokuthi i-luminous flux futhi kukalwa ngamalumens (lm). Ukuze kube lula ukukhetha, umenzi ubonisa ephaketheni okulingana nesibani ohlelweni olujwayelekile lwe-Watt. Kodwa ngokuvamile, lapho abasebenzisi befika ekhaya, bathola ukuthi i-analogue yama-watts angu-60 ikhanya ngokufiphele.

Abantu bajwayele ukunquma ukukhanya kokukhanya kwezibani kuma-watts. Buza noma ubani ukuthi yisiphi isibani esikhanya kakhulu. Bazokuphendula: “Impela, ama-watts ayi-100.” Ngakho-ke, inani le-3-6 W lingadideka. Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, khumbula ukuthi ama-watts anquma amandla asetshenzisiwe, futhi izinga lokukhanya lincike kwamanye amanani.

Uma ukhetha isibani se-LED, unganaki amandla, kodwa ku-lumens. Kuya ngokuthi kungakanani ukukhanya okuzoba khona ekamelweni. Ulwazi luvezwa emaphaketheni, kodwa ngokuvamile ngamaletha amancane.

Unganquma kanjani ukukhanya kwe-LED: uma ukukhanya kungaphezulu, ukukhanya komthombo kugqama. Amanani amalambu avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene angase angafani. Konke kuncike kwikhwalithi yezingxenye. Kumasampula ashibhile aseShayina, lesi sibalo siphansi kakhulu kunemikhiqizo eyaziwayo.

Yiziphi izinkampani ezifakazelwe emakethe yesibani se-LED:

• I-Xiaomi;
• Philips;
• I-Megaman;
• Osram;
• I-IKEA
• Feron, njll.

Ukukhanya okunama-lumens afanayo kungase kuhluke phakathi kwemithombo yokukhanya emisha nendala. Uma kungenzeka, hlala ucela umdayisi ukuthi ahlole isibani esiphambi kwakho.

Ukukhipha ukukhanya

Ukusebenza kahle kokubona kwesibani se-LED (ukukhanya okukhiphayo) isilinganiso sokugeleza okukhanyayo okukhishwa isibani kunani lamandla asetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa emthonjeni wamandla. Okungukuthi, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla noma ukusebenza kahle kokuguqula ugesi ube ukukhanya.

Ama-LED anamandla we-1-20 W anokukhipha ukukhanya kwe-40-120 lm / W. Kodwa njengoba bonke abakhiqizi bebonisa encazelweni ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezibani zabo ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, ukuphila kwangempela nokukhishwa kokukhanya kuzohlala kuncane.

Izinga lokushisa elimibalabala

Lapho ukhetha isibani, cabangela uhlobo lokukhanya. Kubizwa nangokuthi umbala we-flux yokukhanya noma izinga lokushisa lombala. Inkomba ikalwa ngo-Kelvin (K) futhi kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• ukufudumala (2700-3000 K);
• ukungathathi hlangothi (4000-4100 K);
• amakhaza (5000–6500 K).

Elokuqala liphuzi. Okwakamuva kubhekwa njengokugqama. Futhi okumhlophe okungathathi hlangothi kuhambisana nokukhanya kwemini kwemvelo.

Ukuze uchithe isikhathi ekamelweni ngokunethezeka:

• Ungakhethi izibani ezikhanyayo ze-fluorescent, ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu emahhovisi nasezikhungweni zezimboni.
• Kungcono ukukhetha ukushisa kombala ebangeni ukusuka ku-3000 kuya ku-4000 K. Izibani ezinjalo zifana kakhulu nokukhanya okuphuzi okuvamile kokukhanya kwelanga.

Emaphaketheni edivayisi yokukhanyisa, uhlobo lokukhanya lungabhalwa ngombhalo. Khetha izinketho ezibhalwe “mhlophe okufudumele” noma “okumhlophe okuthambile”.

Isisindo

Ngokungafani nezibani zakudala, imithombo ye-LED inezici ezengeziwe – abashayeli nezinye izingxenye ezikhulisa isisindo. Uma ukhetha ukukhanya kwe-LED, cabanga ukuthi isisindo singakanani, ikakhulukazi uma ama-bulb afakwe kuma-chandeliers nezinye izakhiwo ezenziwe ngaphambilini.

Inqwaba yamalambu e-LED inezinzuzo zokwethenjelwa okwengeziwe, ukuqina, nempilo ende yesevisi.

I-engeli yokusabalalisa

I-engeli ye-Beam isilinganiso sendlela ukukhanya okusakazeka ngayo kusuka emthonjeni wokukhanya kuya endaweni. Kubalwe ngamadigri. Imishini yokukhanyisa yezinhlobo ezahlukene nezakhiwo ikhanya ngezindlela ezahlukene:

• Amalambu e-incandescent akudala anika ukukhanya kuzo zonke izinhlangothi futhi anobukhulu obungu-360°.
• Amachashaza e-halogen akhiqiza umsebe wokukhanya oqondile. I-engeli yabo yokukhanyisa isuka ku-8° ukuya ku-60°.

Nge-engeli yokuhlakazeka kwama-LED, yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Imithombo eminingi ye-LED eshintsha izibani zendabuko ze-incandescent inesisekelo se-hemispherical sobubanzi obufanayo nesibani ngokwaso. Azibonisi ukukhanya, futhi lapho isibani siqondiswa phansi, uphahla luhlala lumnyama, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi engalungile.

Muva nje, ama-light bulbs amaningi avele ene-cap esobala, enkulu kunomzimba wesibani, ngenxa yokuthi ukukhanya okuncane kushaya ngemuva (ophahleni).

Ama-engeli we-Beam wemithombo ehlukene ye-LED:

• Amalambu e-filament diode ane-engeli ebanzi yokukhanya efana nezibani zendabuko ze-incandescent.
• Izinto eziningi ze-LED (izibani zesilingi ezinezisekelo ze-GU10 nezingu-GU5.3) zikhipha ukukhanya kwe-ambient nge-engeli ecishe ibe ngu-100° futhi zidale ukuxhopha ngenxa ye-engeli eningi kakhulu.
• Ama-LED avamile anenkomba yokuhlakazeka engu-120°.
• Amanye amabala e-diode ane-engeli ewumngcingo esakazwayo – njengezibani ze-halogen. Kulula ukuzibona ngelensi etholakala ngaphambi kwama-LED.

Amandla alinganayo ezinye izinhlobo zokukhanyisa

Ithebula libonisa isilinganiso samandla nokukhanya okukhanyayo kwezinhlobo ze-incandescent, fluorescent kanye ne-LED:

Umbono oyiphutha ovame kakhulu ukuthi i-10W LED ilingana ne-100W incandescent bulb. Empeleni:

1. Izibani ze-LED ezinamandla zinamaflask aqhwa ukuze zivikele amehlo (ikakhulukazi izingane). Isibani esinjalo sinciphisa ukukhanya ngo-20% + 1 watt esetshenziselwa ukushisa umshayeli (10 * 20/100 = 2, futhi plus 1 = 3 W).
2. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola ama-watts angu-7 kuphela wamandla awusizo. Ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kuyi-700-800 Lumens, engafinyeleli ku-1300 Lm edingekayo, ekhishwa isibani se-incandescent esingu-100 W.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubalula izibani ezonga amandla. Imithombo esebenzisa okuphansi isebenza kahle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo, kodwa ngokuvula nokucisha okuvamile, isebenzisa amandla amaningi aphindwe kaningi ekushiseni futhi ekuqaleni ivula ngamandla ayingxenye kuphela, ivutha kancane kancane.

Ithebula lezincwadi zokonga amandla nezibani ze-LED:

Indlela yokukhetha izibani ngamandla?

Uma ukhetha isibani se-LED, qondiswa itafula lezincwadi elingenhla. Ngemva kokuthola amandla avamile esibani se-incandescent kuwo, ungathola kalula inkomba edingekayo yomthombo we-LED ngokumane ubheke umugqa olandelayo.

Isibonelo, uma ufuna ukushintsha isibani esingu-60W, thenga umthombo we-LED ongu-8W noma ongu-650Lm.

Yiziphi izici ezengeziwe amalambu e-LED anazo:

• Izibani eziningi zinabashayeli abane-stabilizers, okubaluleke kakhulu ekuguquguqukeni okukhulu kwe-voltage kunethiwekhi (ngenkathi ukukhanya kwezibani namandla kungashintshi).
• Amanye amadivaysi anamabhethri akhelwe ngaphakathi okushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo – anganikwa amandla ngebhethri lamandla amancane.
• Kukhona okukhethekile okucimeka kwe-LED okuhambisana nezilawuli zamandla ( ama- dimmers ).
• Ama-LED angakhipha imibala ehlukene ngenxa yokusebenzisa ama-diode e-RGB (obomvu, oluhlaza, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) – lokhu akuthinti inani lama-watts.
• Kunemithombo yokukhanya engalawulwa ukude noma nge-Wi-Fi – futhi akufanele ukhathazeke ngokusetshenziswa okungeziwe kwamandla.

Kunconywa ukubala amandla okukhanyisa alungile lapho ulungisa futhi ufaka izinto zokulungisa. Ngakho uzohlala wazi inani lama-watts okufanele libe sezibani, nokuthi zingaki izikhanyisi ezidingekayo.

Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi mangakanani amandla ama-LED okufanele abe nawo ekamelweni elithile, cabanga ngale mibandela elandelayo:

• usayizi wegumbi (RP);
• inani elilinganiselwe lezibani ezizofakwa (CS);
• ukukhanya okukhanyayo (SP);
• izinga lokukhanya kwegumbi (UO).

Ukuze ubale ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwesibani, sebenzisa ifomula elandelayo: SP \u003d UO * RP / KS. Uma udinga ukwazi izinga lokukhanya ngemitha yesikwele, sebenzisa inkulumo ethi: BL = KS * SP / RP.

Ungasebenzisa futhi umshini wokubala okhethekile we-inthanethi wokubala, isibonelo https://www.calc.ru/osveshchennost-pomeshcheniya-kalkulyator.html. Faka amapharamitha abhalwe ngenhla. Isistimu izobe isibala ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokukhanya elilungile legumbi.

I-engeli yokukhanya esebenzayo ye-LED icishe ibe ngamadigri ayi-120. Bala indawo ukuze ukukhanya okwanele kuwele kumitha yesikwele ngayinye.

Uma ama-light bulbs engagxiliwe ku-chandelier, kodwa asetshenziswe ngokuzimela, ngendlela yezibani ze-ceiling, ukukhanya kwawo kufanele kube izikhathi ezingu-1/2 ngaphezulu.

Ukuze uhlele ukukhanyiswa kwamakamelo ajwayelekile (ayisikwele, angama-rectangular), unganaka ithebula lokubala lamandla lakudala:

Okuningi kuncike ekukhetheni okulungile kwezibani ze-LED. Amalambu okukhanyisa ekhwalithi ephezulu anganciphisa kakhulu izikweletu zezinsiza zokukhanyisa. Namuhla, ama-LED onga kufika ku-85% wezindleko kulesi sigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwe-LED kuseduze nemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka, okunomthelela onenzuzo empilweni yomuntu nasenhlalakahleni.