Izici zokuklama nokufakwa kwezibani eziqondile zophahla olulula

Ukukhanyisa okulungile akuthinti kuphela ubuhle nobuhle bendawo yangaphakathi, futhi kuthinta isimo se-microclimate ekamelweni. Inketho yokukhanyisa engcono kakhulu yokwelula uphahla kunoma yiliphi igumbi kuzoba izibani eziqondile.

Izici nezakhi zedizayini

Umzimba wesibani esivamile somugqa ubukeka njengomzimba wesibani se-fluorescent. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunokukhanya okukhanyayo okunamandla futhi okunamandla.

Phakathi kwezinzuzo zezibani ze-LED eziqondile ukuqina, ukubona kangcono kwe-shades, ukukhanya okuzinzile nokuphezulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• amahhovisi;
• amahhovisi ezikhungo zezokwelapha;
• amalabhorethri;
• izikhungo zamabhange;
• izinkulisa, izikole, amakolishi namanyuvesi;
• indawo yokudayisa;
• amathilomu nezinye izikhungo zokudlela.

Idizayini yesibani esivamile somugqa iqukethe izici ezilandelayo:

• iphrofayili;
• amabhawodi okubopha amapayipi;
• i-polycarbonate ye-optical;
• ama-LED;
• ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elenziwe nge-aluminium;
• amapulaki;
• Abashayeli bamandla be-LED;
• intambo yenethiwekhi;
• uphawu lokucindezela;
• ikhava, i-gasket kanye nezikulufu zokubopha.

Izici eziyinhloko

Kunamamodeli amaningi wezibani zomugqa, ngayinye ehluka ngamandla, umzimba kanye nemibala ekhanyayo, i-flux ekhanyayo, ubukhulu nezinye izici. Cabangela imingcele eyinhloko lapho kukhethwa khona amadivaysi okukhanyisa anjalo.

Amandla

Amandla amalambu e-LED, kuhlanganise nalawo aqondile, aphansi kunezinye izinhlobo zezibani. Amandla ajwayelekile ama-LED angahluka kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-24 watts.

Umbala okhanyayo

Inkomba inquma umthunzi we-backlight. Umbala wokukhanya uncike kumbala wensimbi ekhona ekubunjweni kwesibani sesibani. Iphinde ithintwa izinga lokushisa lombala, likalwa ngamadigri Kelvin.

Ezindaweni zokuhlala, izinga lokushisa lombala lika-3600 ° K lanele, ngokulandelana, i-tint yokukhanya izoba phuzi. Ezindaweni zomphakathi, okuhlanganisa namahhovisi, izibani ezinokukhanya okusebenzayo – 4500°K nokunye okwengeziwe kuyadingeka (ukuze kugxiliswe kangcono izisebenzi emsebenzini).

Ukugeleza okukhanyayo

I-flux ekhanyayo enconyiwe ibalulekile. Iyahlukahluka, kuya ngegumbi lapho kufakwa khona izibani ze-LED:

• yehholo noma igumbi lokuhlala – kusuka ku-22 kuya ku-24 W / sq. m;
• Igumbi lokudlala noma lezingane – 60 W / sq. m;
• igumbi losizo noma igumbi lokulala – 15-16 W / sq. m;
• igumbi lokugeza, indlu yokugezela, indlu yokugezela – kusuka ku-18 kuya ku-20 W / sq. m.

Ubukhulu

Kuze kube manje, awekho amazinga aqondile mayelana nobukhulu bezibani zomugqa. Ububanzi nobude bazo kuyehluka. Ngokuvamile ububanzi abudluli 36 mm, ubude bufinyelela kusuka ku-30 ​​kuya ku-284 cm.

Izibani ezinde zilungele amahholo amakhulu noma amaphasishi anophahla oluphezulu. Ziwusizo futhi ekulengeni amakhabethe ekhishi akhiwe odongeni olulodwa. Futhi kumakhabhinethi amancane namakamelo amancane, kuhle ukukhetha izinto ezimfushane.

Umbala wekesi

Izibani eziningi zomugqa zinezindlu ezimhlophe. Amamodeli anamacala esiliva namnyama nawo ajwayelekile. Zikhona futhi ezenziwe ngeminye imibala.

Indlela yokufaka

Ngokwendlela yokuklama nokufaka, izibani ze-LED eziqondile zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-4:

• Kumisiwe. Ifakwe kuma-hangers anobude obuhlukahlukene. Lesi sakamuva singaba izakhi ezithakazelisayo zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi.
• Ikhona. Kubekwe ngaphansi kwamashalofu, amakhabethe noma kuma-niches. Azisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa kuphela, kodwa futhi njengomhlobiso.
• Okuphezulu. Bona, ngokungafani nabakhelwe ngaphakathi, banecala elibonakalayo. Kulula ukukhweza, okuyinzuzo eqinisekile. Izibani ezinjalo kulula ukuzinamathisela ophahleni noma ezindongeni.
• Kushumekiwe. Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa kabanzi ekufakweni kophahla olulula. Kulokhu, ingilazi ekhipha ukukhanya ihlala phezulu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izibani ezinjalo zibe phansi kukakhonkolo.

Umkhiqizi

Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni izibani zomugqa , umkhiqizi ubalulekile. Phakathi kwemikhiqizo ehamba phambili ekhiqiza imikhiqizo enjalo kukhona i-IEK, EKF kanye ne-Lighting Technologies, lapho ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo iza kuqala.

Inani

Lapho ukhetha izibani ze-LED, abathengi abaningi bafuna inani elingcono kakhulu lemali. Izinto ezilandelayo zithinta izindleko zezinto zokukhanyisa:

• Ifomethi yesibani. Uma ihhovisi eli-1 noma isibani sasendlini sibiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-200 kuye kwangama-300, khona-ke ozakwabo bangaphandle bangathengwa ngamanani asuka ku-1100 kuya ku-1800 ruble. ucezu.
• Ibhrendi (umkhiqizi). Imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi baseNtshonalanga ibiza kakhulu kunezibani ezivela ezinkampanini zasekhaya noma zaseShayina, kodwa izinga lekhwalithi ngokuvamile liphakeme.
• Inombolo yama-diode. Ubuningi be-flux yokukhanya nokukhanya kokukhanya kwe-tape kuncike kubo.
• amandla nezinye izici. Inkomba iphinde ithinte ukukhanya kokukhanya kwe-tape kanye nezinga lokushisa kwayo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa iphrofayela ye-aluminium ngezinjongo zokuqeda ukushisa.

Izinzuzo kanye nebubi bokusebenzisa

Nakuba ukulungiswa komugqa kusetshenziswa kabanzi, abasebenzisi abaningi abazazi kahle izici zabo. Izinzuzo zalezi zibani:

• Ukungabikho kwesithunzi. Amamodeli alayini awadali izithunzi ngenxa yokukhanya okufanayo kwesakhiwo, ngokungafani nezinye izinto zokukhanyisa.
• Ukuguquguquka. Amalambu angasetshenziswa nganoma iyiphi injongo.
• Imvelo (izibani ze-LED azinayo i-mercury).
• I-Modularity. Ukuze uthole ama-accents okukhanya adingekayo, ama-luminaires angaklanywa ngezindlela ezahlukene.
• Ukukhanya okulinganayo kakhulu futhi okuphezulu, okunethezekile ohlelweni lwezinzwa kanye nombono womuntu.
• Ukuthembeka nokumelana nokudlidliza.
• Okusheshayo kuvuliwe.
• Impilo ende yesevisi. Ngokwesilinganiso, iminyaka engu-12. Ngokuya ngemodeli, isikhathi sihluka kusuka kumahora ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 kuye kweziyi-100, okuwuhlelo lobukhulu olude kunalelo lezibani ze-incandescent.
• Ukusetshenziswa kagesi okuphansi, okukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ekukhokheni kwayo.
• Ukuhunyushwa kombala ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukubonwa okulungile kwezinto.
• Amathuba okukhetha izinga lokushisa lokukhanyisa (kusuka ekushiseni kuya ekukhanyeni okubandayo).
• Ukushisa okuphansi, okwenza izibani ze-LED eziqondile zibe inketho engcono kakhulu yophahla olulula.
• Ukumelana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye namathonya emishini.
  

Kodwa-ke, izibani ze-LED zomugqa nazo zinemibi:

• Ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kungase kubangele umonakalo. Uma amaconsi ephawulekayo, ukunikezwa kwamandla okwakhelwe ngaphakathi akwanele – amabhulokhi angeziwe okuzivikela ayadingeka.
• Idivayisi idinga ukushintshwa uma ukunikezwa kwamandla kwehluleka.
• Isidingo sikasinki wokushisa. Ikakhulukazi kulokhu, i-substrate inamathele kuma-LED. Uma ihlukaniswa, isitsha sokushisa siyaphazamiseka, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezibani.

Kunini lapho kufaneleka khona ukufaka ama-linear fixtures?

Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani ze-LED zomugqa kubalulekile kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ngokuguga okukhulu kanye nokudabuka kwamanethiwekhi kagesi. Cishe wonke amasokhethi abonisa i-voltage engu-220 V, kodwa empeleni ifinyelela ku-160 V. Izibani ze-LED ziqinisekisa ukuqala okuthembekile kakhulu.
• Ngemikhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kukagesi. Ezindaweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa nezimboni, kukhona ukushoda kwamandla kagesi, okuphoqa ukuthi kumiswe imingcele ekusetshenzisweni kukagesi. Izibani ze-LED zidla amandla afinyelela ku-15%, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kwazo kube sezingeni eliphezulu.
• Lapho kwakhiwa izindawo ezintsha. Kulesi simo, ukusetshenziswa kwezibani ze-LED kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa izindleko zokufaka ama-transformers nokwabiwa kwamandla ngesilinganiso sezine.
• Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezimbi. Ukudlidliza kuvamile kuma-cranes, ama-drilling rigs, iziteshi ze-compressor nezinye izinto zokusebenza.
  Lokhu kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwezibani ze-incandescent, kuholela ekuhlulekeni kwazo. Izibani ze-LED zibonakala ngokumelana nokudlidliza.
• Emakamelweni adinga ukukhanyisa njalo. Kwabaningi babo, ukuphakama kokumiswa kwezakhiwo kuvame ukudlula u-3.5 m, futhi izibani ze-incandescent zidinga ukushintshwa njalo. Ngezibani ze-LED, le nkinga iyanyamalala, ngoba inikeza ukukhanya okungaphazanyiswa isikhathi eside.

Izinhlobo zemishini yomugqa

Izibani zomugqa azihlukaniswa kuphela ngokuklama nendlela yokufaka, kodwa futhi nangokwakheka. Kukhona amalambu e-LED kanye ne-fluorescent linear.

I-LED

I-linear LED-lamp isibani, ngaphakathi lapho ama-diode anesibopho sokukhanya. Zinikeza ukukhanya okunethezeke kakhulu kwamehlo, ziqinile, azibizi futhi azicwayizi njengezibani ze-fluorescent.

I-Fluorescent

Izinto ze-Fluorescent ziqukethe i-mercury kushubhu yokukhanya. I-substance inyusa ukuphuma kokukhanya ngokwandisa inani lama-electron amahhala. Lezi zokugcina zidalwe ngenxa ye-ionization yama-athomu e-mercury.

I-current in the light tubes igeleza ngengxube ye-mercury vapor ne-argon. Isiteshi samanje sakhiwe ifu legesi eline-voltage engu-1 kW. Ukukhishwa kukagesi kudala imisebe ye-UV, lapho ungqimba lwe-phosphor luyiguqulela ekubeni yi-flux ekhanyayo.

Izibani ze-Fluorescent zihlukaniswa ngokwemibandela eminingi: ukuma kwe-bulb, ubukhulu, amandla, ukuphuma kokukhanya, njll. Isibonelo, izibani ze-T8 zingamashubhu aqondile anobubanzi obungu-2.54 cm.

Ungawafaka kanjani ama-linear fixtures kusilingi esilula?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni lwesibani, ubuchwepheshe bokufaka kuzo zonke izibani bufana. Inqubo yokufaka inezinyathelo ezimbalwa:

1. Dala uhlelo lokukhanyisa, nquma inani lezinto ezifakiwe namandla azo adingekayo. Dweba iphrojekthi, ucabangela zonke izilinganiso nobukhulu, izici zophahla. Nquma indawo yesibani ngasinye.
2. Khetha inketho yokukhanyisa oyifunayo (isibonelo, ukukhanya okuphakathi noma okusemaceleni). Usebenzisa i-tape measure, umaka nesikwele, yenza izimpawu ophahleni.
3. Xazulula udaba ngokusebenza kwezibani ezengeziwe. Kungenzeka ukufaka ukushintshwa okuhlukile noma okujwayelekile kwe-chandelier kanye nezibani ezengeziwe. Nquma indawo yesikhathi esizayo yeswishi, yimake ngomaka.
4. Sebenzisa imigqa eqondile ukuxhuma wonke amachashazi odongeni nophahla. Gxila kuzo ukufaka ikhebula likagesi.
5. Okulandelayo kuza izintambo zangempela. Linganisa ibanga ukusuka ophahleni ukuya ezingeni eliphansi lephrofayili lapho okuzofakwa khona.
6. Namathisela izinsimbi zensimbi noma zepulasitiki ophahleni ezindaweni zokumaka. Zizodingeka esikhathini esizayo ukuze zibambe intambo.
7. Lokhu kulandelwa ngokufaka ucingo ngokusebenzisa izinsimbi kanye nokwenza izihibe ezindaweni lapho amadivaysi afakwe khona. I-loop ngayinye inqunywe ngezansi, bese i-insulation ikhishwa ezintanjeni futhi ama-terminals afakwe.
8. Xhuma intambo kumapayipi amakhulu bese ufaka iswishi. Bese ukhipha igumbi.
9. Okulandelayo kuza ukufakwa okuqondile komugqa. Susa amaphaneli aphezulu, xhuma amadivaysi ezintanjeni ngokuhambisana nomdwebo emiyalweni.
10. Isigaba sokugcina ukufakwa kophahla olunwetshiwe.

Umyalelo wevidiyo obonakalayo wokufaka izinto ophahleni ophahleni:

Abakhiqizi abadumile

Baningi abakhiqizi bezinto zomugqa. Kunconywa ukukhetha imikhiqizo ehlolwe isikhathi ukuze ungalahli imali. Imakethe yaseRussia imelelwa izibani zemikhiqizo eminingana, nazo eziye zazibonakalisa kahle.

Inkanyezi yokukhanya

I-Lightstar yasungulwa e-Italy ngo-1998, futhi eminyakeni engu-3 kamuva yakwazi ukungena emakethe yaseRussia. Le nkampani ikhiqiza futhi ikhiqize imishini yokukhanyisa esezingeni eliphezulu yokukhanyisa kwangaphakathi. Kusetshenziswa izinto ezihambisana nemvelo kuphela lapho kwakhiwa. Izinzuzo zamalambu e-Lightstar:

• ukonga ugesi;
• ukuqina;
• ukuphathwa okulula;
• ergonomics kanye compactness.

I-Lightstar linear luminaires ibhekwa njengenye eshibhe kakhulu. Intengo yezibani iyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-199 kuye kwangama-5200 lilinye.

I-Exmork

I-Exmork yasungulwa eRussia ngo-2009 futhi igxile ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kagesi, okuhlanganisa nokulungisa umugqa. Ikakhulukazi, inkampani yaziwa ngezibani zehhovisi le-Armstrong Lux. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-Bx:

• impilo ende yesevisi (kufika kumahora angu-50,000);
• kalula ukufakwa;
• ukusetshenziswa kogesi ngendlela eyongayo;
• amazinga aphansi okukhululwa kokushisa;
• ukuntuleka kwe-mercury, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwempilo yabantu.

Izibani ze-Exmork ziphakathi kwezindleko eziphansi kakhulu eRussia. Intengo yedivayisi engu-1 ingama-ruble angama-950.

Lucide

I-Lucide yasungulwa ngo-1992 eBelgium futhi ingumholi wemakethe yaseYurophu ekukhiqizeni imishini yokukhanyisa. Ububanzi bomkhiqizo buhlanganisa izibani ezifanele ukuhlobisa amakamelo ngesitayela se-high-tech noma yesimanje. Izinzuzo zabo:

• ukubukeka okufushane;
• izinga lomkhiqizo ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu;
• anhlobonhlobo onobuhle for zonke ukunambitheka.

Intengo yemishini yomugqa iyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1730 kuye kwangama-5200 ucezu ngalunye.

Iglobo

I-Globo izinze e-Austria. Yasungulwa ngo-1998. Umsebenzi wenkampani ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokukhanyisa ngokuhambisana nenani elifanele lentengo nekhwalithi. I-Globo brand ikubaholi be-TOP-5 baseYurophu ekukhiqizeni imishini yokukhanyisa, kuhlanganise nezibani ezikhanyayo.

Izinzuzo zabo:

• ukwethembeka nokuqina;
• ukusebenza;
• ukubukeka nenhle futhi kafushane.

Okuwukuphela kokubi kwemikhiqizo yomkhiqizo we-Globo yintengo yayo ephezulu. Izindleko zesibani esingu-1 ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-3900 kuye kwangama-11500.

EKF

I-EKF yasungulwa ngo-2001 eRussia. Ingomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu bemikhiqizo kagesi emhlabeni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulungiswa komugqa. Zifanele izindawo zokuhlala nezindawo zomphakathi. Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo:

• impilo ende yesevisi (amahora angu-30,000);
• ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kokukhanya okukhanyayo;
• ukwethembeka nokusebenza;
• amandla aphezulu kanye nezici ezisebenza kahle;
• izindleko ezithengekayo.

Intengo yezibani ze-EKF isukela kuma-ruble angama-330 kuye kwangama-1030. Esitolo esisemthethweni kukhona amamodeli ane-switch eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Amalambu e-Linear LED kanye ne-fluorescent anezinketho eziningi zokukhanyisa. Njengoba kunikezwe izinzuzo zabo ezicacile ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zezibani, singasho ukuthi esikhathini esizayo isidingo sabo sizokhula kuphela.