Ukudibanisa imichilo ye-LED: imithetho, imizobo, iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo

Ukukhanyisa kwe-LED kuthandwa kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yokulula ukufakwa kwee-strips ze-LED, kwanabo abantu abangazi kakuhle kulo msebenzi banokuyifaka. Ufuna kuphela ulwazi olusisiseko lwesikolo lwefiziksi kunye nokulandela imiyalelo yenyathelo nenyathelo.

Imithetho ngokubanzi yokudibanisa i-strip ye-LED

Xa ufaka iintambo ze-LED, kufuneka ulandele le migaqo ilandelayo:

• Imveliso akufanele ithotyelwe naluphi na uxinzelelo lomatshini (akufunekanga igobe, ishwabene), ngaphandle koko kuya kuba neengxaki ezinxulumene nabafowunelwa, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo kuphela iindawo zodwa ziya kukhanya kwi-tape.
• Kwinkqubo yokudibanisa iziqwenga zetape, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha umonakalo kwiindlela eziqhubayo ebhodini. Ngaphandle koko, umonakalo ofanayo uya kwenzeka.
• Ukuba umthwalo wangoku we-tape piece udlula i-4A, abavelisi abacebisi ukusebenzisa izixhumi zokuxhuma kunye nokudibanisa imichilo ye-LED. Kuya kukhuseleka ngakumbi ukusebenzisa i-soldering.
• Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kufuneka kukhethwe ngokuhambelana nomthwalo opheleleyo wesixhobo se-LED, kwaye amandla e-PSU kufuneka abe ngama-30% aphezulu. Ukuba amandla eyunithi aphantsi, ngoko ngonyaka wokusebenza kuya kuba nephutha, njenge-tape, kwaye ukugcinwa kwemali akuyi kulungiswa.
• Isilawuli se-RGB okanye i-dimmer ukutshintsha umbala okanye ukukhanya kunye nokufumana iziphumo eziguqukayo kufuneka zingabi namandla ngaphantsi kweteyiphu edibeneyo. Kule meko, akukho mfuneko yogcino lwamandla. Ukuba isilawuli se-RGB okanye i-dimmer inamandla anganeleyo, ngoko i-amplifier yesignali eyongezelelweyo iya kufuneka ukuba yenze umbane ongekhoyo kunye nenani elifunekayo lamatshaneli (kwi-tape yombala omnye – itshaneli enye, i-RGB tape – ezintathu, kuba i-tape ye-RGBW – ezine).

• Ukuba isinyithi okanye enye indawo eqhubayo isetyenziselwa ukulungisa umgca we-LED, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukufaka izinto zokukhusela umbane phakathi komgca kunye nenkxaso ukwenzela ukuba kungabikho ukuhamba kwangoku.
• Ukukhuselwa kothuli kunye nomswakama kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuhambelana nemiqathango yokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo se-tape.
• Kukho ithuba lokulimala kwi-tape ngombane osisigxina.
• Xa unika amandla i-tape drive, ikhuselekile kwaye inokuthenjwa ngakumbi ukuqhagamshelana nengcali. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, ngoko unokwenza uqhagamshelo ngokwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungabhidanisi igalelo (220V) kunye nemveliso (12/24V) iindawo. Ukuze ungafumani umothuko wombane, awudingi ukusebenza phantsi kombane.

Ukulandelelana koqhagamshelwano olulula lomgca we-LED

Indlela elula kwaye ekhawulezayo yokudibanisa iingcingo kwiipads zoqhagamshelwano zomgca we-LED uxhulumaniso lomatshini usebenzisa i-LED ekhethekileyo. Ukudibanisa, kuyimfuneko ukufanisa iipads zoqhagamshelwano zeteyiphu kunye nabafowunelwa bokudibanisa kunye nokuqhawula ikhava. Le ndlela iyabiza kuba enye ikhonkco ixabisa malunga ne-0.5 m yetape kwaye ayithembekanga njenge-soldering. Akuyena wonke umntu oya kuvuma kwiindleko zemali ezinjalo, ngenxa yokuba isixhobo sokukhanyisa siqukethe amacandelo amaninzi e-tape, kwaye ayikho enye.

Tape Ubude Ukubala

Okokuqala, ukubalwa kobude obuphambili becandelo apho isixhobo se-tape siya kulungiswa khona. Qinisekisa ukuba uthathela ingqalelo ukuba ukusika iteyipu kunokuqhutywa ngamaxesha athile ngokuhambelana nenani le-LEDs.

Ukusika iteyiphu

Imveliso yenziwe ngamacandelo adibeneyo ngokuhambelanayo. Njengenxalenye yecandelo elinye leteyipu ene-voltage yokubonelela nge-12V, kukho iimeko ezintathu ezine-diode kunye nokuchasana okuthathu. Indlu nganye ineekristale ezintathu zesemiconductor ezinombala obomvu, oluhlaza kunye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kwiikristali ezinombala omnye, ukutshintshwa ngokulandelelana kwenziwa. Ukukhawulela amandla akhoyo ngoku adlula amatyathanga e-diode, ukuchasana kuluhlu: R1, R2, R3. Kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka udibanise kuphela iqhekeza elincinci le-tape, kwaye kungekhona yonke iimitha ezi-5 zemveliso, ekwi-reel eqhelekileyo. Emva koko kufuneka isikwe kwiindawo eziphawulwe kwangaphambili.

Umtya we-LED unokunqunyulwa kunye nezikere eziqhelekileyo zomfundisi. Njengomthetho, amacandelo aphawulweyo alingana nee-LED ezintathu. Oku kungenxa yokuhambelana kwazo kweekopi ezi-3.

Ukuba i-tape inqunywe kunye nemigca yomenzi, ngoko oku akuyi kukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Kodwa ii-LED ezimbini kuphela ezinesekethe evulekileyo aziyi kukhanya.

Ukudibanisa kwinethiwekhi ye-220 V, ukudibanisa umbane wombane, i-dimmer

Emva kokukhetha umthombo wamandla, kufuneka udibanise umtya we-LED kuwo.

Scheme ukusuka kunikezelo lwamandla kunye ne tape enye

Iingcingo zokudibanisa zixhunyiwe ekupheleni kwangaphandle kwe-tape. Ukuba azikho, kuya kufuneka uzithengise. Ucingo olubomvu (-+) kunye nomnyama (–) zilinganiswa ixesha elide kangangokuba lanele kunikezelo lwamandla. Zicocwa kumacala omabini. Ukusebenzisa isinyithi esine-low-power soldering iron, solder iingcingo kwiingoma ze-tape. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuba ungonakalisi ii-LED, ungazigqithisi. Kwiindawo apho i-soldering yenziwe khona, i-insulation ephezulu kufuneka yenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-tubing yokunciphisa ukushisa. Emva koko i-tape ixhunyiwe kunikezelo lwamandla. Bukela ividiyo yofakelo olulula lwe-LED: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmdDpr5sJH8

Inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla omnye kunye neeteyiphu ezimbini (kuthathelwa ingqalelo amandla afanelekileyo obonelelo lwamandla kumthwalo onjalo)

Ukuba ufuna ukufaka, umzekelo, umgca we-LED weemitha ezisibhozo, kuya kufuneka udibanise amacandelo amabini eemitha ezi-3 okanye ezi-5 nganye. Kule meko, indawo yomgca wokusika inqunywe. Emva koko, ngoncedo lweengcingo, isiphaluka esiphukileyo sithengiswa. Emva kwe-soldering, iziqwenga ezimbini zinokudibaniswa kuphela ngokuhambelanayo, kungekhona kwichungechunge. Kwiimeko ezithile, umbane omnye uqhagamshelwe kwiintambo ezininzi ze-LED ezikumgama ohlukeneyo (umzekelo, ukukhanya kwefestile yevenkile kwiivenkile okanye ukukhanyisa ezinye izinto kumgama ohlukeneyo). Kule meko, akukho mfuneko yokubeka iingcingo kwicandelo ngalinye. Ungayibuyisela yonke into ngomgwaqo omkhulu omnye, apho inani elifunekayo leentambo ze-LED sele ixhunyiwe. I-dimmer ye-strip ye-LED inikwe amandla yi-12/24V. Idibaniswe kwisiphaluka esinombane, kwaye ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-strip ye-LED ixhunyiwe kuyo. Imveliso yokunikezelwa kwamandla ixhunyiwe kwigalelo le-dimmer, kwaye imveliso yayo ixhunyiwe kwi-strip ye-LED. Qinisekisa ukujonga i-polarity.

Ukuba i-dimmer ayinawo amandla aneleyo okudibanisa i-tape, ngoko kufuneka usebenzise i-amplifier (umzobo wokudibanisa uboniswa ekuqaleni kwenqaku).

Ukuqhagamshela iziqwenga zetape

I-soldering isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amacandelo amacandelo e-tape. Kuyimfuneko ukucoca ubuso beepads zoqhagamshelwano ezikummandla wemigca yokusika. Iqonga ngalinye kwinqanaba lokugqibela le-tape lixhunyiwe kwiqonga ukusuka kwelinye icala. Kule meko, kusetyenziswa ucingo, ububanzi bayo abukho ngaphezu kwe-0.5 mm. Ukufumana ukufikelela kwiipads zoqhagamshelwano, kuyimfuneko ukususa umgca we-silicone yokugqoka i-tape (kuphela iimveliso ezitywiniweyo ezinayo). Emva koko iingcingo zithengiswa kwezi ndawo. Kukho iinketho zokuqhagamshela imichilo ye-LED usebenzisa izihlanganisi. Ukwenza oku, abafowunelwa babo badityaniswe omnye komnye, kwaye ikhava ifakwe phezulu. [i-id yesihloko = “i-attachment_65” align = “aligncenter” wide = “600”] Isidibanisi soqhagamshelwano olubhetyebhetye lweribhoni
ezimbini[/caption]

Imizobo yocingo entsonkothileyo

Ukuqhagamshela iiteyiphu ezininzi

Ukuba iiteyipu ezininzi zixhunyiwe, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwamandla akunikezi amandla okwaneleyo, ngoko ke nganye ingasetyenziselwa kunye neyunithi yayo ukuba ineeparitha eziyimfuneko.

Ukuqhagamshela iteyiphu yeRGB

Xa 
udibanisa i-RGB LED strip , isixhobo esongezelelweyo sisetyenziswa – umlawuli. Ngoncedo lwayo, imibala ilawulwa, ukunyanzeliswa kokukhanya kweediode kuxhomekeke kuyo. Umahluko kwiiteyiphu ezinombala omnye kukuba iingcingo ezine zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa: enye yazo iqhelekile, kwaye imibala ilawulwa ngokusebenzisa ezinye iingcingo ezintathu. Xa udibanisa, i-soldering okanye izixhumi ezikhethekileyo zisetyenziswa.

Ukuqhagamshela kubonelelo lwamandla ekhompyuter

Umbane we-PC unomzila we-12V wamandla ofanelekileyo kwiimodyuli ze-LED. Xa kukho ibhloko ye-ATX, isixhobo asikwazi ukuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza ngokusifaka kwi-outlet yamandla. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka uqale uvale iingcingo eziluhlaza kunye ezimnyama kwikhonkco eliphambili.
Emva koko i-molex connector iyanqunyulwa okanye uhlobo lwe-molex “umama” lusetyenzisiwe, kwaye i-tape ithengiswa kwiintambo zayo. Isiphumo luyilo oluqengqelekayo. Ukudibanisa isixhobo sokukhanyisa esinamandla kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibanise iingcingo ezininzi ezityheli ukunciphisa ukuhla kwamandla ombane.

Unikezelo lwamandla ekhompyuter alukhuthazwa ukuba lusetyenziswe ngaphandle komthwalo.

Iimpazamo zonxibelelwano ezinokwenzeka kunye nokupheliswa kwazo

Izizathu eziphambili zokungaphumeleli kwe-LED zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso ephantsi kunye nezixhobo zombane, kunye nokufakela okungafanelekanga kunye nokudibanisa kwe-tape. Ngenxa yeempazamo, ubomi bezixhobo zokukhanyisa buyancipha kakhulu.

Iimpazamo xa udibanisa iteyiphu ende

Xa udibanisa ukuhlobisa, umgca wokukhanyisa unokuba yi-10 okanye i-25 yeemitha ubude. Xa ujonga kuqala, kubonakala ngathi ungayidibanisa ngokulandelelana kwaye ugqibile. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zizenzo ezingalunganga. Isiqwenga esisodwa se-tape sinokufikelela kwiimitha ezi-5 ubude, kuba sele kubalwe ngaphambili ukuba inani elithile langoku lingahamba ngeendlela zalo. Xa udibanisa enye i-five-meter segment ye-strip ye-LED, kukho ukwanda okuphawulekayo kumthwalo obaliweyo kwiindlela zokuqhuba kwiqhekeza lokuqala. Uxhulumaniso olunjalo lukhokelela ekukhanyeni okungalinganiyo kwee-LED kwaye kuya kubangela ukutshisa ngokukhawuleza. Ukukhanyisa amacandelo ubude bawo budlula iimitha ezi-5, iziqwenga zetape zidibaniswe ngokufanayo, kuba oku kuya kufuneka usebenzise ucingo olude (5 m okanye ngaphezulu).

Into ephambili yokuqwalasela ukuchasana okuphezulu kocingo olude. Kule nkalo, ukwenzela ukuba i-voltage ingawa phantsi ngokuphawulekayo kuyo, olu cingo olongezelelweyo kufuneka luphindwe kabini.

Imichilo ye-LED idityaniswe kunye nombane omnye okanye ezimbini usebenzisa uxhulumaniso lwecala elinye okanye ezimbini. Ukongezelela, ngokufakela okuphindwe kabini, amandla emveliso kufuneka adlule i-9.6 W / m. Ukukhanyisa okunjalo kuya kuba yindleko ngakumbi, kuba ikhebula elongezelelweyo liya kufuneka, kodwa oku kuhlawulwa ngumgangatho kunye nobomi obude benkonzo.

Ukunyusa iteyiphu ngaphandle kweprofayili

Umtya we-LED kufuneka ulungiswe kwiprofayili ye-aluminium esebenza njengerediyetha yokupholisa. Ngethuba lokusebenza, kungekhona nje umbane wokukhanya ovela kwiidiode, kodwa kunye nokushisa, kwaye ukuba ukufudumala kwenzeka, ukukhanya kwabo kuya kuncipha, kuba ii-LED ziya kuncipha kwaye ziwa. Ngenxa yoko, kuvela ukuba endaweni ye-5 iminyaka yenkonzo ye-tape, iya kuphumelela kunyaka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iprofayili ye-aluminium ikhona, ii-LED ziya kusebenza kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokushisa. Indlela yokukhetha kunye nokufaka iprofayili ichazwe
apha .

Ukushisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokwenzeka kwiintambo ze-LED kunye nefilimu ekhuselayo ye-silicone kwiidiode. Ukutshintshwa kobushushu kwiiteyipu ezinjalo kwenzeka kuphela kwi-substrate, kwaye xa ihlanganiswe kwindawo yokhuni okanye yeplastiki, ukufudumala ngokukhawuleza kuqinisekiswa kwiiteyipu ezinjalo.

Ukukhetha okungalunganga konikezelo lwamandla

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amandla ombane kufuneka abe ngama-30% aphezulu ngaphezu kwamandla apheleleyo e-strip ye-LED edibene nayo. Ngombulelo kulo vimba wamandla, isixhobo siya kukwazi ukusebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwaye ixesha elide. Xa ufaka unikezelo lwamandla malunga neeparitha zamandla ezilinganayo, luya kusebenza kumda walo, oluya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni ubutyebi balo. Akunzima ukubala amandla afunekayo ombane. Ngokomzekelo, xa kuthengwa i-tape yeemitha ezili-15, ukuba amandla ayo angama-4.8 W ngemitha eyi-1, ubukhulu bamandla apheleleyo buya kuba ngu-4.8×15 + 72 V. Oku kuya kufuna ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla angama-30%, njengoko isiphumo, 93.6 Watt. Indlela yokubala amandla afunekayo onikezelo lwamandla luchazwe ngokweenkcukacha kwividiyo engezantsi: https://youtu.be/WA07cYPxYD0?t=93 Emva kokuba ufunde ngokuzimeleyo iimpawu zokudibanisa imichilo ye-LED, unokubonelela nawuphi na umsebenzi okanye indawo yasekhaya ngokukhanyisa okusebenzayo kunye noqoqosho. Into ephambili kukulandela imigaqo elula yokusebenza ngombane kunye nezibalo ezenziweyo.