Indlela yokubala amandla afunekayo ezibane ze-LED?

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezibane kwiimarike zaseRashiya ziyi-halogen, i-fluorescent, izibane eziqhelekileyo ze-incandescent kunye nemithombo yokukhanya kwe-LED. Kuzo zonke iindidi, ii-LED zikhokela namhlanje. Ii-analogues zingaphantsi kwazo kwiikhrayitheriya ezininzi, eyona nto ibonakalisa amandla ngokumalunga nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Ngawaphi amandla izibane ze-LED?

Amandla ezibane ze-LED ahluka ukusuka kwi-1W ukuya kwi-14W. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukulinganiswa kwamandla akucacisi ukukhanya kwesibane. Isibane se-LED se-7-watt sikhanyisa ngamandla afanayo njengesibane se-incandescent sakudala se-60-watt.

Kukwakho nombono othi “into yamandla yezibane ze-LED”. Eli xabiso lilingana nomlinganiselo wamandla asebenzayo omthwalo osetyenziswayo kumandla abonakalayo. Ipharamitha yokugqibela ibonisa imveliso yexabiso le-RMS yombane kunye nekhoyo.

Amandla ezibane ze-LED alinganiswa njani?

Uphawu lokuqala kunye nolubalulekileyo kubathengi ngamandla okukhanya kwe-LED backlight. Ukusebenza kokukhanyisa kuxhomekeke kwisalathisi. Amandla esibane se-diode alinganiswa ngeewatts.

Iimpawu zamandla ezichazwe ngumenzi kwipakethe ngamanye amaxesha zingahambelani nenyani kunye nokulindela. Nika ingqalelo kwiparameter ye- flux ekhanyayo yesibane esikhokelwayo – nguye ojongene nokukhanya.

Ziziphi iiparamitha ezichaphazelekayo ngamandla e-LED?

Ukongeza kumandla, xa ukhetha isibane se-LED , jonga kwiimpawu ezimbalwa zobugcisa. Zonke zichaphazela umgangatho wokukhanyisa.

Ukuhamba kokukhanya

Ukukhanya okukhutshwa yi-diode okanye omnye umthombo kubizwa ngokuba yi-luminous flux kwaye kulinganiswa nge-lumens (lm). Ukuze kube lula ukukhetha, umenzi ubonisa kwiphakheji elilingana nesibane kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yeWatt. Kodwa rhoqo, xa abasebenzisi befika ekhaya, bafumanisa ukuba i-analogue ye-watts ye-60 ikhanya kancinane.

Abantu baqhele ukumisela ukukhanya kokukhanya kwezibane kwiiwatts. Buza nakubani na ukuba sisiphi na isibane esona siqaqambileyo. Baya kukuphendula: “Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-100 watts.” Ngoko ke, ixabiso le-3-6 W linokudideka. Ukunqanda ukubhideka, khumbula ukuba iiwatts zigqiba amandla asetyenzisiweyo, kwaye iqondo lokuqaqamba lixhomekeke kwamanye amaxabiso.

Xa ukhetha isibane se-LED, nikela ingqalelo kumandla, kodwa kwi-lumens. Ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke ekubeni kungakanani ukukhanya okuya kubakho kwigumbi. Ulwazi luboniswa kwipakethe, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngoonobumba abancinci.

Indlela yokumisela ukukhanya kwe-LED: ngakumbi i-lumens, ukukhanya komthombo kuqaqambile. Amaxabiso kwizibane ezivela kubavelisi abohlukeneyo asenokungahambelani. Konke kuxhomekeke kumgangatho wamacandelo. Kwiisampuli zaseTshayina ezishibhile, eli nani lisezantsi kakhulu kuneempawu ezaziwayo-kakuhle.

Zeziphi iinkampani eziqinisekisiweyo kwimarike yesibane se-LED:

• Xiaomi;
• Philips;
• iMegaman;
• Osram;
• I-IKEA
• Feron, njl.

Ukukhanya kunye ne-lumens efanayo kunokwahluka phakathi kwemithombo yokukhanya emitsha kunye nendala. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, hlala ucela umthengisi ukuba ajonge isibane esiphambi kwakho.

Imveliso yokukhanya

Ukusebenza kwe-optical yesibane se-LED (imveliso yokukhanya) ngumlinganiselo we-flux ekhanyayo ekhutshwe sisibane ukuya kumthamo wamandla ngaxeshanye asetyenziswe kumthombo wamandla. Oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqula umbane ube ukukhanya.

Ii-LED ezinamandla ze-1-20 W zinemveliso yokukhanya ye-40-120 lm / W. Kodwa ekubeni bonke abavelisi babonisa kwinkcazo ukusebenza okuphezulu kwezibane zabo phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, ubomi bokwenene kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kuhlala kuncinci.

Ubushushu obunemibala

Xa ukhetha isibane, qwalasela uhlobo lokukhanya. Ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumbala wokukhanya okuguquguqukayo okanye ubushushu bombala. Isalathisi silinganiswa ngo-Kelvin (K) kwaye kukho iindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• ukufudumala (2700-3000 K);
• ingathathi hlangothi (4000-4100 K);
• ingqele (5000–6500 K).

Eyokuqala ityheli. Le yokugqibela igqalwa iqaqambe ngakumbi. Kwaye umhlophe ongathathi hlangothi uhambelana nokukhanya kwemini yendalo.

Ukuchitha ixesha kwigumbi ngokukhululeka:

• Musa ukukhetha izibane ezikhanyayo ze-fluorescent, ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiiofisi nakwiindawo zoshishino.
• Kungcono ukukhetha ukushisa kombala kuluhlu olusuka kwi-3000 ukuya kwi-4000 K. Izibane ezinjalo zifana kakhulu nokukhanya okuqhelekileyo okuphuzi kwelanga.

Kwipakethe yesixhobo sokukhanyisa, uhlobo lokukhanya lunokubhalwa kwisicatshulwa. Khetha ukhetho olunombhalo “omhlophe ofudumeleyo” okanye “umhlophe othambileyo”.

Ubunzima

Ngokungafaniyo nezibane zakudala, imithombo ye-LED inezinto ezongezelelweyo – abaqhubi kunye nezinye iindawo ezinyusa ubunzima. Xa ukhetha isibane sokukhanya kwe-LED, cinga ukuba bunzima kangakanani, ngakumbi ukuba iibhubhu zokukhanya zifakwe kwii-chandeliers kunye nezinye izakhiwo ezenziwe ngaphambili.

Ubuninzi bezibane ze-LED zineenzuzo zokwenyuka kokuthembeka, ukuqina, kunye nobomi benkonzo obude.

Ukusasaza i-engile

I-engile ye-beam ngumlinganiselo wendlela ukukhanya okusasaza ngayo ukusuka kumthombo wokukhanya ukuya kumphezulu. Kubalwe ngokwezidanga. Izixhobo zokukhanyisa zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezakhiwo zikhanya ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Izibane zakudala ze-incandescent zinika ukukhanya kuzo zonke iindawo kwaye zibe nobuninzi be-360 °.
• Amabala eHalogen avelisa ukukhanya okumxinwa. I-engile yabo yokukhanyisa isuka kwi-8 ° ukuya kwi-60 °.

Nge-angle yokusabalalisa ii-LED, yonke into inzima ngakumbi. Imithombo emininzi ye-LED ethatha indawo yezibane zendabuko ze-incandescent zinesiseko se-hemispherical sobubanzi obufana nesibane ngokwaso. Azibonakalisi ukukhanya, kwaye xa isibane sibhekiswe ezantsi, isilingi sihlala simnyama, nto leyo ngamanye amaxesha ingathandekiyo.

Kutshanje, iibhalbhu ezininzi zokukhanya ziye zavela ngekepusi ecacileyo, enkulu kunomzimba wesibane, ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya okuncinci kubethe ngasemva (kwisilingi).

Ii-engile zeBeam zemithombo eyahlukeneyo ye-LED:

• Izibane ze-filament diode zineengile efanayo ebanzi yokukhanyisa njengezibane zendabuko ze-incandescent.
• Uninzi lwezixhobo ze-LED (izibane zesilingi ezine-GU10 kunye ne-GU5.3 iziseko) zikhupha ukukhanya kwe-ambient kwi-engile ejikeleze i-100 ° kwaye zenze ilitha ngenxa ye-engile eninzi kakhulu.
• Ii-LED eziqhelekileyo zine-dispersion index ye-120 °.
• Amanye amabala e-diode ane-angle emxinwa yokusabalalisa i-angle – njengezibane ze-halogen. Zilula ukuchonga nge-lens ebekwe phambi kwee-LEDs.

Amandla alinganayo kwezinye iintlobo zokukhanyisa

Itheyibhile ibonisa umlinganiselo wamandla kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo kwi-incandescent, i-fluorescent kunye neentlobo ze-LED:

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo kukuba i-LED ye-10W ilingana ne-100W ye-incandescent bulb. Inyaniso:

1. Izibane ze-LED ezinamandla zineeflaski ezikhenkcezayo ukukhusela amehlo (ingakumbi kubantwana). Ibhalbhu enjalo inciphisa ukukhanya ngama-20% + 1 watt esetyenziselwa ukufudumeza umqhubi (10 * 20/100 = 2, kunye no-1 = 3 W).
2. Ngenxa yoko, sifumana iiwathi ezisi-7 kuphela zamandla aluncedo. Ngokomyinge, le yi-700-800 Lumens, engafikeleli kwi-1300 Lm efunekayo, ekhutshwe sisibane se-incandescent se-100 W.

Kukwafanelekile ukukhankanya izibane zokonga amandla. Imithombo enosetyenziso oluphantsi inobona buchule buphezulu ngexesha lomsebenzi oqhubekayo, kodwa ngokuvula nokucima rhoqo, ichitha amandla amaninzi amaninzi ekufudumezeni kwaye ekuqaleni ivula kuphela kwisiqingatha samandla, ngokuthe ngcembe ivutha.

Itheyibhile yembalelwano yokonga umbane kunye nezibane ze-LED:

Indlela yokukhetha izibane ngamandla?

Xa ukhetha isibane se-LED, khokelwa yitheyibhile yembalelwano engentla. Ukufumana amandla aqhelekileyo esibane se-incandescent kuyo, unokufumana lula isalathisi esifunekayo kumthombo we-LED ngokujonga nje umgca olandelayo.

Umzekelo, ukuba ujonge ukutshintsha i-bulb ye-60W, thenga i-8W okanye i-650Lm umthombo we-LED.

Zeziphi izinto ezongezelelekileyo ezinezibane ze-LED:

• Izibane ezininzi zinabaqhubi abane-stabilizers, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwiinguqu ezinkulu zombane kwinethiwekhi (ngelixa ukukhanya kwezibane kunye namandla kungatshintshi).
• Ezinye izixhobo zineebhetri ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokutshintsha ngokuzimeleyo-zinokuthi zinikwe amandla kwibhetri yamandla amancinci.
• Kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-LED ezicimayo ezihambelana nolawulo lwamandla ( dimmers ).
• Ii-LED zinokukhupha imibala eyahlukeneyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-RGB diodes (obomvu, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) – oku akuchaphazeli inani le-watts.
• Kukho imithombo yokukhanya enokulawulwa ukude okanye nge-Wi-Fi-akwafuneka ube nexhala malunga nokunyuka kokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Kunconywa ukubala amandla okukhanyisa afanelekileyo xa kulungiswa kunye nokufaka izixhobo. Ngoko uya kuhlala usazi inani le-watts ekufuneka libekho kwizibane, kwaye zingaphi izikhanyisi ezifunekayo.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba angakanani amandla e-LED kufuneka abe nawo kwigumbi elithile, qwalasela ezi parameters zilandelayo:

• ubungakanani begumbi (RP);
• inani eliqikelelweyo lezibane eziza kufakwa (CS);
• ukukhanya okukhanyayo (SP);
• inqanaba lokukhanyisa kwegumbi (UO).

Ukubala ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwesibane, sebenzisa le fomula ilandelayo: SP \u003d UO * RP / KS. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi umgangatho wokukhanya kwimitha yesikwere, sebenzisa intetho: BL = KS * SP / RP.

Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-calculator ekhethekileyo ye-intanethi yokubala, umzekelo https://www.calc.ru/osveshchennost-pomeshcheniya-kalkulyator.html. Ngenisa iiparamitha ezibhalwe ngasentla. Emva koko inkqubo iya kubala ngokuzenzekelayo inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhanyisa kwigumbi.

I-angle yokukhanyisa esebenzayo ye-LED malunga ne-120 degrees. Bala indawo ukuze ukukhanya okwaneleyo kuwele kwimitha nganye yesikwere.

Ukuba iibhalbhu zokukhanya azizange zifakwe kwi-chandelier, kodwa zisetyenziswe ngokuzimeleyo, ngendlela yezibane zokukhanya, ukukhanya kwazo kufuneka kube ngamaxesha angama-1/2 ngaphezulu.

Ukucwangcisa ukukhanya kwamagumbi asemgangathweni (isikwere, uxande), unokunikela ingqalelo kwitafile yokubala yamandla yakudala:

Kuninzi kuxhomekeke ekukhetheni okuchanekileyo kwezibane ze-LED. Iibhalbhu zokukhanya ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokunciphisa kakhulu amatyala ombane ombane. Namhlanje, ii-LED zigcina ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85% yeendleko kolu didi. Ukongezelela, ukukhanya kwe-LED kusondele kwindalo ngokusemandleni, enempembelelo enenzuzo kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokuphila kakuhle.