Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwabaqhubi kwizibane ze-LED

Abaqhubi zixhobo ezikhethekileyo eziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezibane ze-LED. Ngaphandle kwabo, i-diodes ayizinzile kwaye ngokukhawuleza iyasilela. Siza kufunda indlela abaqhubi abacwangciswa ngayo kunye nendlela abasebenza ngayo.

Kutheni umqhubi we-LED?

Ii-LED zinamandla kakhulu kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kunezibane ze-incandescent. Bangakwazi ukusebenza iminyaka kwaye basebenzise amaxesha amaninzi ngaphantsi kwee-bulbs zokukhanya eziqhelekileyo, kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla okuzinzileyo, apho umqhubi uxanduva.
Ii-LED zinovakalelo kakhulu kumandla anikezelweyo kumagalelo azo. Abayikwesaba amaxabiso aphantsi, kodwa ukunyuka kwee-voltages kunye nemisinga ayinakukwazi ukunciphisa kuphela i-resource ye-semiconductors, kodwa iphinde ikhubaze. Umsebenzi womqhubi kukubonelela ii-LED ngokuzinzile ngoku. Umqhubi wezibane ze-LED – ukunikezelwa kwamandla. Yisekethe ye-elektroniki, imveliso yayo ikhoyo ngoku rhoqo kwixabiso elinikiweyo.

Ukuze izinto ze-LED zisebenze ixesha elide kwaye zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo, zivutha ngokukhanyayo kwaye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, umsinga wexabiso elinjalo eliboniswe kwiphepha ledatha yezobugcisa be-element semiconductor kufuneka ihambe ngee-LEDs.

Abaqhubi be-LED ababonelelwa ngabavelisi benzelwe i-voltages ye-10, 12, 24, 220 V kunye nemisinga ethe ngqo ye-350 mA, 700 mA, 1 A. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaqhubi benzelwe ukulungiswa okuthe ngqo, kodwa kukho izixhobo zendalo yonke ezithengiswayo ezifanelekileyo. uninzi lwe-LED- izinto ezivela kwiimpawu ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Izizinzi zangoku zisetyenziswa kwi:

• iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezitalatweni nasekhaya;
• izibane zeofisi yedesktop;
• Imichilo ye-LED kunye nezibane zokuhlobisa.

Abaqhubi batshintsha ukukhanya kunye nombala wee-LEDs. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha okanye isilawuli kude. Isibane se-LED ngaphandle komqhubi asizinzile kwaye sibeka umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli ngokukhawuleza.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

I-voltage isetyenziswe kwigalelo lomqhubi we-LED, onokuhluka. Okwangoku idlula kwi-resistance R1 kunye ne-R3, ukufumana ixabiso elifunwayo, kwaye i-capacitor C1 ibeka i-frequency yayo. Ukutshintsha kwangoku, ukufumana iiparamitha ezimiselweyo, kungena kwibhulorho yediode. Ukudlula kwesi silungisi, umsinga uguqulwa ukusuka ekutshintsheni ukuya ngqo. Ukongezelela, iiparamitha zayo zihlengahlengiswa ngabaxhamli be-R2 kunye ne-R4 kunye ne-capacitor C2. Ngale ndlela, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kweeparamitha zangoku eziphumayo kuphunyeziwe. Umzobo wesekethe yombane wesixhobo:

Iintlobo zabaqhubi ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza

Bonke abaqhubi bee-LED bahlulwe ngokulandelelana kunye ne-pulsed. Iqela ngalinye lineenzuzo zalo, iingozi kunye neengcebiso zokusetyenziswa. Ukuthelekisa umgca kunye ne-pulse yangoku yokuguqula:

Umgca

Ngokusekelwe kwisekethe yomgca, abaqhubi abalula kakhulu besibane se-LED badalwa. Njengento yokuzinzisa, i-resistor yokukhawulela kunye nokuxhatshazwa okuguquguqukayo kusetyenziswa. Kumqhubi wezoshishino, “injini” ye-resistor ilawulwa kungekhona ngumntu, kodwa nge-electronics. Ukuba i-voltage iphakama kumaxabiso abalulekileyo, i-current iqala ukunyuka, kwaye xa ifikelela kwixabiso elingamkelekanga, i-LED idlula kwaye itshatyalaliswe emva koko. Kwiisekethe eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-transistors isetyenziselwa ukulawula okwangoku. Ukungalungi kwesekethe yomgca kukulahlekelwa kwamandla amakhulu, ekubeni ngokunyuka kwamandla ombane, ukuchithwa kwayo okungenamsebenzi kuyanda. I-drawback efanayo ivumelekile ngaphandle kwezibane zamandla aphantsi. Kwii-watts ezininzi ze-LED, ezo zicwangciso azifanelekanga. Izinto eziluncedo zesikimu sozinziso lomgca:

• uyilo olulula;
• ixabiso eliphantsi;
• ukuthembeka okwaneleyo (kumandla omthwalo ophantsi).

Linear Stabilizer:

Ukubetha

Inketho yesibini kukuzinziswa kwempembelelo. Emva kokuvula iqhosha le-KH, i-capacitor C ihlawuliswa. Emva kokuvula abafowunelwa beqhosha, iqala ukukhupha, ukunika umbane kwi-element semiconductor. I-switching regulator elula:
Ngoxa i-capacitor inika amandla, i-diode ikhupha ukukhanya. Iphezulu igalelo lombane, lifutshane ixesha lokutshaja. Ukucofa kunye nokukhulula iqhosha kugcina ukukhanya. Lo mgaqo wokusebenza ubizwa ngokuba yi-pulse-width modulation. Ininzi kunye namawaka emisebenzi eyenzekayo ngomzuzwana.

Iintlobo zabaqhubi ngohlobo loyilo

Abaqhubi bezinto ze-LED yisekethe encinci ye-elektroniki ehlanganiswe kwi-resistors, i-capacitors kunye ne-semiconductor diodes ebekwe ebhodini. Izixhobo ezizinzisa okwangoku kwii-LED zifumaneka kwiinguqulelo ezi-2:

• Emizimbeni. Olu lolona khetho luqhelekileyo. Iindleko zesixhobo esinjalo ziphezulu. Inzuzo yayo ephambili kukukhusela izinto zesakhiwo kumswakama kunye nothuli.
• Ngaphandle komzimba. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuthetheleleka kuphela kufakelo olufihliweyo. Zixabiso eliphantsi kunee-analog zetyala.

Ngokoyilo, abaguquli bahlula ngamaqela amathathu.

Electronic

Kwi-converter ye-elektroniki, i-transistor inoxanduva lokulungisa okwangoku. Umsebenzi wayo kukukhulula i-microcircuit yokulawula. Ukulungelelanisa i-ripple kangangoko kunokwenzeka, i-capacitor ifakwe kwimveliso yesiphaluka.
Izixhobo zombane ziyabiza, kodwa uzinzise okwangoku ukuya kuthi ga kwi-750 mA ephezulu. Abaqhubi bamva nje bolu hlobo badla ngokufakwa kwizibane ezinesiseko se-E27. Iintsilelo eziphambili zi-ripples kunye nokuphazamiseka kwi-high-frequency range. Ukuba izixhobo zasekhaya, ezifana nonomathotholo, zifakwe kwisokethi enye ngesibane, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka kwiifrikhwensi ze-FM. . Umqhubi we-elektroniki olungileyo kufuneka abe nee-capacitors ezimbini ngaxeshanye:

• i-electrolytic, eyenza i-pulsations ibe lula;
• i-ceramic, ethoba amaza aphezulu.

Olu ludibaniso lunqabile, ngakumbi kubaqhubi abenziwe baseTshayina. Abasebenzisi be-IC savvy banokufumana iiparamitha zemveliso yomqhubi ngokutshintsha amaxabiso aphikisayo. Ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu – malunga ne-95% – abaqhubi be-elektroniki basetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo (ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezibane ze-LED zeemoto, izitalato kunye nezibane zendlu).

Ngokusekelwe kwi-capacitors

Abaqhubi abasekwe kusetyenziso lwee-capacitors ngandlel’ ithile abadumileyo. Phantse zonke iisekethe zesibane ze-LED ezinezixhobo ezinjalo zineempawu ezifanayo.
Ngenxa yeenguqu ezenziwe ngabavelisi kwiisekethe zombane, ezinye izinto zinokususwa kuzo. Ngokukodwa kaninzi abanayo i-capacitor ejongene nokugudisa ama-ripples. Izinto ezilungileyo zabaqhubi be-capacitor:

• ubulula boyilo;
• Ukusebenza kakuhle kudla kwi-100%, ekubeni ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kubonwa kuphela kwi-resistors kunye nokudityaniswa kwezinto ze-semiconductor.

Ngokutsho kwe-GOST, isantya esivumelekileyo se-ripple yi-10-20% kwaye ixhomekeke kwinjongo yegumbi apho isixhobo sokukhanyisa sisebenza khona.

Iyacimeka

I-dimmer sisixhobo esilawula ukuqaqamba kwee-LEDs. Abaqhubi abaninzi banamhlanje bafaka ezi zinto ziluncedo.
Izinto ezilungileyo zabaqhubi abacimayo:

• umsebenzisi ukhetha umgangatho wokukhanya okhululekileyo okwangoku;
• ukufakwa kwe-dimmer kwi-stabilizers yangoku kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokwezoqoqosho zombini umbane kunye nobomi bee-LEDs.

Iinketho zokwenza:

• Isixhobo sokunciphisa ukukhanya siphakathi kombane kunye nesibane se-LED. Isixhobo esinjalo silawula umbane onikezelwa kwii-LEDs. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zizinzinzi ze-pulse-width (PWM) ezilungisa ubungakanani bangoku.
• Isixhobo silawula unikezelo lwamandla. Yenza ulungiso lwangoku. Ukukhanya kunye nombala weediode uyatshintsha.

Ubomi bonke

Ubude bokusebenza okuchanekileyo komqhubi kuxhomekeke kumgangatho wayo kunye neemeko zokusebenza. Kodwa nesona sixhobo sikumgangatho ophezulu sinesixhobo esincinci kunee-LED eziqhagamshelwe kuso. Iimpawu ze-LED ezivela kwiimpawu ezaziwayo zihlala malunga neeyure ze-100,000. Ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokusebenza komqhubi:

• umgangatho ophantsi – ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-20,000;
• umyinge – ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-50,000;
• phezulu – ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-70,000.

Ukuvelisa kunye nesitalato, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe abaqhubi kunye nobomi obude benkonzo.

Ubude bexesha lokuzinza kwangoku kwii-LED ziphenjelelwa zizinto zangaphandle. Umqhubi unokusilela ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• umswakama ophezulu kwigumbi, elingahambelani neqondo lokukhusela isixhobo;
• utshintsho olubukhali lobushushu;
• umoya ongekho mgangathweni;
• Umthwalo ongalunganga ubalo lwamandla.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, umqhubi uchitha ngenxa ye-capacitor – iyasilela ngexesha lokunyuka kwamandla kwinethiwekhi.

Indlela yokukhetha umqhubi?

Uninzi lwabaqhubi bezibane ze-LED ezithengiswa kwiimarike zasekhaya zenziwe e-China, zincinci, kwaye azikho umgangatho ophezulu. Kwizibane ze-LED zesiTshayina, i-microcircuits ephosakeleyo ifumaneka rhoqo, ayikhuthazwa ukuyithenga. Isixhobo esinjalo siyahluleka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kuya kwenzeka ukuba utshintshe into entsha okanye ubuyisele imali. Iingcebiso zokukhetha umqhubi we-LED:

• Thatha i-stabilizer yangoku kunye nomthwalo.
• Qwalasela amandla omthwalo aya kudityaniswa nomqhubi.
• Nika ingqalelo kumzimba. Kufuneka ibonise amandla, i-voltage ranges (igalelo kunye nemveliso), ixabiso legama lexesha elizinzileyo, iklasi yokumelana nothuli kunye nothuli.

Amandla omqhubi aphezulu

I-voltage ephumayo ixhomekeke kwinani le-diode kwisiphaluka kunye nesicwangciso sokufakwa kwazo. Kufuneka ibe nkulu okanye ilingane nesixa samandla esichithwe yibhloko nganye yesekethe yombane. Umjelo olinganisiweyo umiselwa ngamandla ezinto kunye nokukhanya kwazo. Injongo ye-stabilizer kukubonelela ngeediode ngamandla ayimfuneko. Amandla apheleleyo e-LEDs anqunywe ngeeparitha zento nganye, inani labo kunye nombala. Isixa samandla esisetyenzisiweyo sibalwa ngokwefomula: P = PLED x N, apho i-N inani le-diode kwisekethe, i-PLED ingamandla e-diode enye. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lithathwa ngu-20-30% ngaphezu kwamandla ababalwayo: I-Pmax ≥ (1.2..1.3) * P. Umbala wokukhanya kwezinto nazo zithathelwa ingqalelo. Ichaphazela i-voltage ephumayo. Iboniswa ngqo kwisixhobo okanye kwipakethe. Umzekelo, kukho ii-LED ezintathu ze-3W. Emva koko amandla apheleleyo angama-watts ayi-9. Umqhubi ocetyiswayo Pmax = 9 x 1.3 = 11.7 watts.

Ixabiso

Abaqhubi bokukhanyisa kwe-LED bathengiswa kwiivenkile zombane, kwi-Intanethi, kwiindawo zokuthengisa ezijongene namacandelo erediyo. Ukuthenga kwi-Intanethi kokona kuphantsi.
Amaxabiso aqikelelweyo ezinzinzisi zangoku:

• I-DC12V (amandla 18 W, i-voltage input 12 V, imveliso ye-100-240 V) – i-ruble ye-190;
• LB0138 (6 W, 45 V, 220 V) – 170 ruble;
• YW-83590 (21 W, 25-35 V, 200-240 V) – 690 ruble;
• LB009 (150 W, 12 V, 170-260 V) – 750 ruble.

I-microcircuit ye-PT4115 – i-converter buck – ixabisa i-ruble ye-150 ngeqhekeza ngalinye. Izinto ezinamandla ngakumbi zibiza ukusuka kwi-150 ukuya kwii-ruble ezingamawaka amaninzi.

Ezinye iimpawu

Xa uthenga umqhubi, nikela ingqalelo kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Imveliso yombane. Ixabiso layo lixhomekeke kwinani le-LED kwi-luminaire, kwindlela yokunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokuhla kwe-voltage kwi-semiconductors. Kukho izixhobo kwiimarike ezine-voltages ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-50 V nangaphezulu.
• Ikalwe ngoku. Kufuneka yanele ukunika ukukhanya okugqibeleleyo.
• Umbala we-LED. Ichaphazela ukuhla kwamandla ombane.

Ukuxhomekeka kweeparamitha zombane kumbala wee-LEDs:

Ukuba umthombo wokukhanya unee-LED ezintathu ze-1 W ezimhlophe ezikhanyayo ezixhunyiwe kwi-series, uya kufuna umqhubi onombane we-9-12 V kunye nombane we-350 mA. Ukuhla kwamandla ombane kwiikristale ezimhlophe yi-3.3 V. Xa uxhunywe kwichungechunge, i-voltages ishwankathelwe. Ivela kwi-9.9 V, eyanelisa uluhlu olusebenzayo lomqhubi. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlengahlengiso, izixhobo zisetyenziselwa inani elithile le-LED – enye, ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu.

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla kunye ne-phytolamp, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise abaqhubi kwiimeko. Zinobuhle kwaye zikhuselekile kunezingenafreyimu.

Ngokomzekelo, abaqhubi be-LED abane-9918c chip kwisibane se-LED bafanelekile ukuqhuba izibane ezingenakucimeka kunye nokuxhasa amandla ukuya kwi-25W.

Uqhagamshelwano lomqhubi

Umqhubi ulula kakhulu ukudibanisa kwii-LEDs. Emzimbeni wayo kukho zonke iimpawu eziyimfuneko. I-voltage yegalelo isetyenziswe kwii-terminals inputs (INPUT), kwaye umtya wee-LED uxhunywe kwii-terminals output (OUTPUT). Into ephambili kukuqwalasela i-polarity.

Igalelo polarity

Ukuba umqhubi unikwe amandla yi-voltage eqhubekayo, isibonda esilungileyo somthombo wamandla sixhunyiwe kwi-terminal yayo “+”. Kwi-voltage ye-AC, nikela ingqalelo ekubhalweni kweetheminali zokufaka. Iinketho zokumakisha:

• “L” kunye “N”. Faka isigaba kwimveliso “L”. Unokuyifumana nge-screwdriver ekhethekileyo yombane. Xhuma ucingo olungathathi hlangothi kwi-terminal “N”.
• “~”, “AC” okanye akukho ukumakishwa. Kule meko, i-polarity ayibalulekanga, awukwazi ukuyigcina.

Imveliso polarity

I-polarity kufuneka ihlale ijongwa apha. Ucingo “plus” luxhunywe kwi-anode ye-element ye-semiconductor yokuqala, ucingo lwe-“minus” luxhunywe kwi-cathode ye-diode yokugqibela. Uqhagamshelo lomqhubi:
220/12V isibane somqhubi wesibane se-LED (igalelo/imveliso yombane):

Ukulungiswa kwabaqhubi besibane se-LED

Ukuba umlawuli wangoku ulahlekelwa amandla akhe okwenza imisebenzi yakhe, oku kunokukhokelela kumonakalo kwii-LEDs. Kubalulekile ukuchonga ukuchithwa kwexesha. Ukuvavanya umqhubi wesibane se-LED, i-220 V isetyenziswe kwigalelo layo.I-voltage eqhubekayo kufuneka ibonakale kwisiphumo somqhubi osebenzayo. Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso layo liya kuba likhulu kancinane kunoluhlu oluphezulu oluboniswe kwipakethe yesixhobo. Le ndlela ilula ukuphumeza, kodwa ayenzi ukuba igwebe impilo yesixhobo. Ukujonga ukuba umqhubi uyasebenza, yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Faka i-resistor kwimveliso ye-stabilizer yangoku. Ukuchasana kwayo kukhethwe ngokuthathela ingqalelo ikhoyo ngoku. Imiselwa ngumthetho ka-Ohm: R=U/I.
2. Thatha i-resistor kunye nokumelana nokubalwa kunye namandla ahambelanayo.
3. Emva kokufaka i-resistor, linganisa i-voltage ephumayo kunye nomhloli. Ukuba ayihambi ngaphaya koluhlu lokusebenza, isixhobo sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Indlela yesibini yokukhangela ukusilela komqhubi:

1. Ukuba isixhobo sinefuse, yikhalise. Umvavanyi kufuneka abonise ukuba ukuchasana ngu-zero. Ukuba ukuchasana kudla ngokungapheliyo, buyisela i-fuse. Ukuba isibane sikhanyisa emva kokuvula inethiwekhi, ukulungiswa kuphelile.
2. Ukuba i-fuse ayizange ivuthelwe, jonga ukwaphuka ngakumbi. Jonga ibhulorho yediode.
3. Ukuba i-rectifier ilungile, kuya kufuneka ukhulule i-capacitor egudileyo kwaye uyifake. Ukuchasana okuncinci, ukukhula phambi kwamehlo ethu, kubonisa ukusebenza kwe-capacitor.
4. Kumqhubi olula, ezi zitshekisho ziya kukwanela ukufumana umthombo wengxaki. Kwiizinzisi ezintsonkothileyo zangoku, kuya kufuneka ukhalise zonke iidiode kunye ne-electrolytic capacitors.

Xa uzama ukufumana ukwaphuka, qwalasela umgaqo wokusebenza kwesekethe:

• Umgca. Kubaqhubi abanjalo, ukukhuselwa kwi-voltage drops kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-5-100 Ohm resistors. Ukuxhatshazwa okunye kufakwe kwigalelo le-rectifier (ibhuloho yediode). Ukunciphisa i-flicker, i-capacitor enkulu ye-electrolytic ixhunyiwe ngokuhambelana nomthwalo.
• Ukubetha. Kwezi ziguquli kukho ii-microcircuits ezikhusela kuzo zonke izisongelo – ukufudumala, ukugqithiswa kunye nokugqithisa. Akufanele baphule, kodwa yonke into iyenzeka nabaqhubi baseTshayina.

Ingxaki yokulungisa abaqhubi kubunzima bokukhetha i-microcircuits efanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa ukuba i-stabilizer yenziwe eChina. Ukuba akukho ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ufumane izizathu zokuchithwa kwe-stabilizer yangoku, kuya kufuneka uqhagamshelane neengcali. Okanye uthenge omnye umqhubi.

Umahluko kunikezelo lwamandla

Ukuqhuba abasebenzisi abaninzi ngempazamo bafowunele unikezelo lombane. Enyanisweni, zizixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Unikezelo lwamandla luzinzisa i-voltage, umqhubi – okwangoku. Ukuba ii-LED zixhunywe kumthombo wamandla ongafanelekanga, ziyahluleka ngokukhawuleza. Ubonelelo lwamandla lunokuba:

• Umtshintshi. Zinqabile namhlanje, njengoko kwiinkalo ezininzi zilahlekelwa kwabo bakhuphisana nabo. Ibhloko ye-transformer yenza i-12 okanye i-24 V ukusuka kumbane we-220 V. Emva koko i-voltage alternating ilungiswa ukuba iqondise. Isetyenziswe kumthwalo.
• Ukubetha. Kuzo, i-voltage iqondiswe ngokukhawuleza – i-220 V AC iguqulwa ibe yi-220 V DC. Emva koko iya kwijenereyitha ye-pulse, eyenza i-voltage etshintshanayo yefrikhwensi ephezulu. Into yokugqibela yi-transformer.

Zombini izixhobo zombane zikhupha amandla ombane angaguqukiyo anobukhulu obufanayo. Izixhobo ezinjalo azifanelekanga kwii-LED, kuba “zinamandla” ngokusebenza kombane. Kwaye ukuhla kwamandla ombane kwi-semiconductors yenye yeempawu zabo kuphela. Ukuba iiparamitha zibhaliwe kwi-LED, umzekelo, i-10 mA kunye ne-2.7 V, oku kuthetha ukuba ngaphezu kwe-Amperes ebonisiweyo ayikwazi ukudlula kuyo – iya kutshisa. Ngokuhamba kwe-current ye-10 mA, i-2.7 V ilahlekile kwi-semiconductor. Oku ngokuchanekileyo kulahleka, kwaye kungekhona i-voltage efunekayo ukukhanyisa ii-LED.

Indlela yokwenza umqhubi we-LED we-linear ngezandla zakho?

Ukuba ne-microcircuits esele ilungile, nayiphi na i-amateur yerediyo ye-novice inokuhlanganisa umqhubi wee-LEDs. Kulo msebenzi, kufuneka ukwazi ukwenza izinto ezimbini – funda imizobo yesekethe yombane kwaye ube nentsimbi ye-soldering. Ngokomzekelo, unokuhlanganisa i-stabilizer yangoku kwii-LED ze-3 W usebenzisa i-chip ye-PowTech – PT4115 (eChina). Umguquleli, owenziwe ngesiseko sale microcircuit, unobuncinci bezinto kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Esona siguquli silula sangoku sidityaniswe nakwitshaja yefowuni. Oku kulandelayo ngumyalelo wokudibanisa umqhubi kwii-LED ezintathu ze-1W. Ngomsebenzi uya kufuna:

• Itshaja yefowuni endala. Umzekelo, ukusuka Samsung – zithembeke ngakumbi. Iiparamitha zesixhobo – 5 V kunye ne-700 mA.
• I-Resistor ye-Trimmer enokumelana ne-10 kOhm.
• Izinto ezintathu ze-LED ezinamandla e-1 W.
• Intambo eneplagi.

Indlela yokudibanisa umqhubi:

1. Hlukanisa itshaja, uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi izinto zayo.
2. Sebenzisa i-iron yokuthambisa ukuze udibanise i-5 kΩ resistor kwigalelo. Yitshintshe nge-resistor ehlengahlengiswayo.
3. Qinisekisa imveliso yomthwalo kunye ne-polarity ukwenzela ukuthengisa ii-LED ngokuchanekileyo. Zihlanganiswe kwangaphambili kwisekethe ye-serial.
4. Unsolder abafowunelwa kwintambo kwaye ubeke ucingo ngeplagi apho. Ngaphambi kokujonga ukuba i-stabilizer isebenza, qiniseka ukuba yonke into ixhunyiwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba wenza impazamo, kunokubakho isiphaluka esifutshane.
5. Lungisa i-current nge-trimmer ukuze ii-LED zikhanyise.
6. Ukuba izinto ezikhupha ukukhanya zivuliwe, khangela i-voltage, okwangoku, amandla kunye nomhloli.

Ukuba ii-LED zilayitiwe, akukho ntlantsi okanye umsi, indibano ihambe kakuhle – i-DIY yakho ilungile. Ukusetyenziswa komqhubi okhethiweyo ngokufanelekileyo yimeko ebalulekileyo yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide lombane we-LED. Inketho ethembekileyo kukuthenga isixhobo esinegama kunye nezibane ze-LED. Ukuba uyaziqonda iisekethe kwaye “zizihlobo” ezinentsimbi yokuxubha, unokuhlala uqokelela umqhubi ofanelekileyo wezinto ze-LED.