Iimpawu zokhetho kunye noqhagamshelo lonikezelo lwamandla kumgca we-LED

Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwintambo ye-LED yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni ukukhanya okusebenzayo. Kufuneka uziqhelanise nomgaqo wokusebenza kwayo kunye neendlela eziphambili zokukhetha, kunye nokufunda indlela yokudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo kumgca we-LED. Ezi kunye nezinye iingongoma ezibalulekileyo zixutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Iimfuno zesixhobo ngokubanzi

Ii-LED zizixhobo ezisebenzayo nezithembekileyo. Abavelisi baqinisekisa ubomi obude benkonzo yezi zixhobo – iiyure ezingamawaka angama-50 okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba izixhobo zombane kubo kufuneka zisebenze ixesha elide kwaye zithembekile. Iimfuno eziphambili zezi zixhobo:

• Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla . Ukuveliswa kwee-LED ngokuyinhloko kukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokukhanyisa i-LED, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kufuneka kwakhona kube nokusebenza okwaneleyo.
• Ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic . Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwisibane se-LED, enyanisweni, kuphela komthombo wokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiiparamitha zokuvelisa eziya kuba nazo, ezi ziya kuba zizibonakaliso zokuhambelana ngokubanzi kwe-electromagnetic yesibane.
• Ukhuseleko lombane . Ukhuseleko lombane lwenkqubo yokukhanyisa i-LED luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela ekhuselekileyo yoyilo lokunikezelwa kwamandla kulo mba, kuba kuphela isixhobo apho umbane we-220V uxhunyiwe. Isixhobo kufuneka sikhuseleke ngokuthembekileyo kwiisekethe ezimfutshane kunye nokushisa.
• Ukuziphatha konikezelo lwamandla . Iiparamitha zokukhanyisa izibane ze-LED zichatshazelwa yimpawu zangoku ezidlulayo kwi-LED. Ukuba iyaguquguquka ngexesha okanye i-pulsating, ngoko akufanele uthembele ekukhanyeni komgangatho ophezulu.

Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha

Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo kufuneka kuphathwe ngokucophelela, kugxininise kubakhiqizi abathembekileyo. Izixhobo ezingabizi kakhulu, ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokuphela zibiza kakhulu kwaye zidale iingxaki zengxolo ephezulu ephazamisana nezinye izixhobo. Xa kuthengwa, kubalulekile ukwazi amandla apheleleyo kuwo onke amacandelo e-tape (i-voltage iyaziwa – i-volts eyi-12), ukukhetha ngokuchanekileyo ukuyila kunye nohlobo lwenkqubo yokupholisa, kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kwiiparamitha ezingezantsi.

Indlela yokuguqula i-voltage

Olu seto luxhomekeke kudidi lwesixhobo:

• Izixhobo zombane zeTransformer zithembekile kwaye zinesekethe elula. I-transformer iguqula i-220 volts ukuya kwi-12 ngexesha elinye. Ngoncedo lwe-rectifier, i-sinusoidal current iguqulwa ibe yinto ethe ngqo. Phakathi kwezinto ezingalunganga: ubunzima obuninzi kunye nobunzima, iindleko ezibalulekileyo zezinto ezibonakalayo kwimveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle.
• Ukutshintsha izixhobo zombane azinazo zonke ezi zinto zingalunganga. Ziyahlula ngexabiso eliphantsi, phantse i-100% yokusebenza kakuhle, ukuchasana nokuguquguquka kombane. Nangona kunjalo, iibhloko ezinjalo zineskimu esinzima ngakumbi, kwaye uyilo ngokwalo, xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli, ngokuqinisekileyo ngaphaya kokulungiswa.

Inkqubo yokupholisa

Ingasebenza okanye isenze. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukupholisa kwenzeka ngoncedo lomqhubi, okwesibini, ukushisa okugqithisileyo kususwa ngokwemvelo.

Ukuba amandla e-tape amancinci, akucebisi ukuthenga umbane ombane kunye nefeni. Iya kudala ingxolo engeyomfuneko kwaye ifune ukugcinwa rhoqo.

Ukubulawa

Izixhobo zombane zezi:

• Vula (ngaphakathi) . Ukufakela kwabo, indawo yokuhlala eyomileyo, kunye namagumbi angenawo umoya afanelekileyo.
• Ngetyala elivaliweyo . Ngokuqhelekileyo zifakwe apho ukothuka okanye ukungcangcazela kwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza.
• Ngezindlu ezitywiniweyo . Kule nguqulo, zifanelekile kwiimeko apho umswakama uphezulu.

Uhlobo olukhethiweyo lwesixhobo luya kwandisa ubomi benkqubo yokukhanyisa.

Imveliso yombane

Umtya we-LED unokuba ne-voltage ye-12, 24, 36 volts, elawulwa yi-SPI – 5 volts. Ezi mpawu kufuneka ziboniswe kwisixhobo ngokwaso, kunye nakwipakethe. I-voltage yomthombo wokukhanya kunye ne-voltage ephumayo ye-PSU kufuneka ihambelane. Kwintengiso kukho izixhobo zombane ezixhotyiswe ngohlengahlengiso lwevoltheji egudileyo kwimveliso. Zisebenza kakuhle xa i-voltage compensator okanye i-voltage engekho emgangathweni ifunekayo kwiintambo ezinde. Ukuba ufuna amandla ombane anee-voltages ezahlukeneyo, ukhetho olungcono luya kuba kukuthenga umbane oxhotyiswe nge-channel complex, nganye kuzo ihambisa i-voltage eyahlukileyo.

Amandla

Ichongwa ngumbane kunye nobude bemitha ye-1 (izalathi kufuneka zande). I-voltage inokufumaneka kwi-package, kwaye ubude bukhethwe ngumsebenzisi. Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-tape, izikhombisi ezifunyenweyo kufuneka zinyuswe ngomyinge wama-40% – oku kuya kuba yindawo yokugcina amandla. Makhe sijonge umzekelo. Kwimitha nganye yoluhlu lwe-LED, iiwathi ezili-15 ziyafuneka. Ukulungelelanisa i-backlight, iimitha ezi-3 zetape ziyafuneka. Sibala amandla ngokuphindaphinda okulula kwaye sifumane i-45 watts. Ukongeza umda, sifumana i-58.5 watts. (45×1.3). Ukungabikho kweyunithi yokubonelela ngamandla kunye namandla anjalo, sikhetha ukhetho olusondeleyo kwesi salathisi.

Kwenzeka ukuba kuphela amandla akhoyo aboniswa kwi-package. Amandla kule meko anqunywe ngokuphindaphinda i-volts ngama-amps.

Imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo

Iivolthi ezili-12 zombane zezi:

• eqhelekileyo (ngokukodwa ukutya);
• ixhotyiswe ngesibali-xesha;
• ixhotyiswe nge-dimmer eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi;
• kunye nomlawuli (i-tape ye-RGB);
• ngenkqubo yokulawula kude;
• nge-dimmer kunye nolawulo olukude.

Iimpawu ezongezelelweyo ezongezelelweyo, ixabiso eliphezulu lesixhobo.

Iindidi zamandla ombane kwiintambo ze-LED

Umthengi unikezwa ukhetho olubanzi lwezixhobo ezilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiinguqu ezahlukeneyo. Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezinga lokukhusela imozulu.

Iyavuza

Ingabizi, i-12 V, kodwa i-PSU ethandwa kakhulu. Zijoliswe, njengomthetho, ukufakwa kuphela kwiindawo ezivaliweyo kunye nezithuthi. Zibhekwa njengezona zifanelekileyo ukunyuswa kwiisilingi ezimisiweyo. Amandla ombane anjalo aphantsi – ngaphakathi kwe-75 watts. Kule nkalo, kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukufaka izixhobo ezininzi zombane kwigumbi. I-downside yezi zixhobo kukukhuselwa kakubi kumswakama kunye nothuli, ngaphezu koko, azikhangeleki kakhulu kwimbonakalo.

Itywiniwe

Ulungele kakuhle umsebenzi wangaphandle, ungoyiki ukufuma okuphezulu kunye nezinye iimeko ezimbi. Ezi zixhobo zilungile ekukhupheni ubushushu. Icala livalwe kakuhle, eliqinisekiswa nge-aluminium okanye izinto zeplastiki. Kumagumbi ane-condensate ephezulu, isinyithi sisetyenziswa rhoqo, esinamandla amakhulu kunye nokuthembeka, kunye nokuchithwa kakuhle kobushushu. Ezo zixhobo zinobunzima ngakumbi, eyona nto ingalunganga.

Xa ufaka ukukhanya kwe-facade, kukulungele ukuthenga izixhobo zombane kwimeko yentsimbi.

Icala leplastiki lidibene ngakumbi, linomtsalane ngembonakalo, kwaye linobunzima obuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, nayo inemiqobo ebalulekileyo: ayikususi kakuhle ukushisa, iyancipha amandla – akukho ngaphezu kwe-100 W, kwaye ibiza kakhulu.

I-semi-hermetic

Iguquguquka ngakumbi kwaye inokufakwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ziphawulwa ngokwenqanaba lokhuseleko lwe-IP54. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunyuswa kwezibane ze-LED phantsi kwee-awnings kunye namakhitshi.

Ukuqhagamshela umgca we-LED kunikezelo lwamandla

Inkqubo ibandakanya ukusombulula iingongoma ezintathu eziphambili:

• ukubonwa kwepolarity;
• ukhetho lwecandelo locingo;
• ukhetho lweschema.

Makhe siqwalasele ngokubanzi ngakumbi ukuze senze yonke into ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kweengxaki.

Uqhagamshelo polarity

Naluphi na umbane we-12-volt uxhotyiswe ngeetheminali ezineempawu ezichaseneyo “+” kunye “-“. Xa ii-terminals zitshintshwa ngeengcingo, ziphawulwe ngombala ohlukileyo. Ubukhulu becala, ucingo olubomvu luhambelana ne-plus, kodwa i-minus ingaba nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye omnyama. Ngendlela efanayo, iingcingo ze-LED strip ziphawulwe. Kufuneka udibanise ngokufanelekileyo: dibanisa – ukudibanisa, thabatha – ukuthabatha.

Ukukhetha icandelo locingo

Uphawu olwahlukileyo lweentambo ze-LED ngamandla abo aphezulu kumbane ophantsi. Kungale nto imfuneko yokuba umsinga omkhulu uqhagamshelwe. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isibane se-incandescent se-70 W sidinga i-current ye-300 mA, ngoko umgca we-LED onegunya elifanayo uya kufuna i-7 A. Xa udibanisa umgca we-LED, kufuneka uthathe uxanduva lokukhetha icandelo le-wiring.

Kuyimpazamo ukucinga ukuba icandelo lomnqamlezo kufuneka lifane nelo cingo oluphuma kumandla ombane. Oku kukhokelela ekuqhekekeni ngokukhawuleza kwesixhobo sokukhanyisa.

Ukuqhagamshela i-tape kwi-PSU, ucingo olunecandelo lomnqamlezo we-1.5 square metres lufanelekile. mm, ekubeni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla eentambo ze-LED kuncinci.

Ukukhethwa kwesiphaluka sokutshintsha

Ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka uqwalasele ubude kunye nohlobo lomgca we-LED. Ukudibanisa i-serial, iinqununu ezincinci (ubude beemitha ezi-5 ubude) zifanelekile kwicala lamandla. Sidibanisa i-plus yesixhobo se-LED kwi-plus ye-power supply, kunye ne-minus ukuya kwi-minus. Ukuba unayo i- 
tape ye-RGB , ngoko kufuneka ufake umlawuli phakathi kwetape kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa imichilo emininzi ye-LED, ubude bayo bubonke bungaphezulu kweemitha ezi-5, isekethe ehambelanayo isetyenziswa. Namathisela amacandelo kunikezelo lwamandla, kodwa akufuneki zidityaniswe omnye komnye. I-RGB iyadingeka ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwesilawuli se-1 kwi-tape ye-10m. Ukuba amandla avumela, abalawuli ababini banokudibaniswa kwiyunithi enye ye-12 V. Iinkcukacha ngoqhagamshelwano oluchanekileyo lwemigca ye-LED ichazwe kuyo
eli nqaku . Bukela ividiyo ebonisa indlela yokudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo unikezelo lwamandla kwintambo ye-LED: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA07cYPxYD0

Umahluko phakathi kombane kunye nomqhubi we-LED

Njengomthetho, ngoncedo lwe-PSU eqhelekileyo, i-voltage ezinzile rhoqo inikezelwa kwimveliso, engachatshazelwa kukunyuka kwe-voltage yegalelo kunye nokuguquguquka kosetyenziso lwangoku. Ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwii-LED kwiimeko ezininzi kuqhutyelwa yibhloko ebonelela ngokuqhubekayo ngoku kwimveliso. Ibizwa ngokuba ngumqhubi. Ngoko kuya kuba kuchanekile ukuthi:

• umthombo wangoku ozinzile – umqhubi;
• umthombo we-voltage rhoqo – ukunikezelwa kwamandla.

Xa usebenzisa umqhubi, akukho mfuneko yokunciphisa i-voltage, kuba akukho ngozi yokuba ii-LED ziya kuphumelela, ngoko ziyakwazi ukuxhaswa ngamandla apheleleyo. Xa unikezelo lwamandla lusetyenziselwa ii-LED kunye nezixhobo, ipesenti ethile yamandla iya kusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokufudumeza abachasi bokunciphisa.

Ukunika amandla ii-LED ezivela kubaqhubi kwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo, ekubeni kule meko yangoku ayidluli ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo.

Kumqhubi, kufuneka ukhethe ii-LED ngobuninzi obuchanekileyo kunye namandla afunekayo, kuba yinto eyenzelwe ngokukodwa yangoku kunye namandla. Ukuba abathengi abahlukeneyo bafanelekile kwi-PSU eqhelekileyo, ngoko ukusetyenziswa komqhubi kunqunyelwe kwii-LEDs. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo xa:

• isiphaluka ngaphandle kokumelana (umzekelo, kwiidiode ezihlukeneyo);
• akufuneki ukuba unqanyulwe ngezikhathi ezithile ezinye zee-LED kubo;
• kunokwenzeka ukubala ngokuzimeleyo inani elifunekayo le-LED kunye nabaqhubi.

Amandla ombane asetyenziswa rhoqo xa kukho ii-LED ezinezixhasi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, kwaye kwakhona ukuba ukuvalwa kwexesha elithile kwezinye ii-LED ziyafuneka. Iikhrayitheriya zokukhetha umbane wentambo ye-LED ecatshangelwe kwinqaku iya kukuvumela ukuba unqume ngokuchanekileyo isixhobo esifanelekileyo, kunye neengcebiso zokuyidibanisa ziya kwenza le nkqubo ibe lula kangangoko kwaye yenze ukuba kwenzeke ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kweengcali.