Izizathu zokudanyaza komtya we-LED kunye nendlela yokuzisombulula

Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba emva kwexesha elithile lokusebenzisa i-strip ye-LED, iqala ukuqhwanyaza, ukukhanya kwayo kuyancipha. Unokujongana nale ngxaki ngokwakho ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kweengcali. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokudanyaza komtya we-LED.

Ukunikezwa Amandla

Ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle akubonakali xa kuxhunyiwe, kodwa emva kwemizuzwana okanye imizuzu embalwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba imbangela yokuphazamiseka ilele kumbane ngokwawo. Isixhobo esikhethwe ngokungafanelekanga (esikumgangatho ophantsi) sinamandla anganeleyo, okukhokelela ekuhlahleni kombane.

Xa ukhetha umthombo wamandla, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba unomda wamandla ubuncinane we-30%.

Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, xa uthenga umbane kwivenkile, akufanele uthembele kuphela kwizithembiso zomthengisi. I-tape inokudibanisa ngempumelelo kwaye itshise kwimodi eqhelekileyo, kodwa ekhaya, emva kwexesha elithile, i-microcircuits kunye nezinye izinto zifudumeza, ezikhokelela kwiingxaki. Iingxaki zenzeka ngenxa yokungahambelani kwezinto ezininzi zombane zaseTshayina kunye nolwazi oluchazwe kwipaspoti. Ipleyiti ithi amandla abo ngama-watts angama-200, kodwa eneneni akusayi kubakho ne-150 watts. Xa i-tape enebhloko enjalo ivuliwe kumandla aphezulu, “inokukhanya” kwaye iphume ngokukhawuleza. Oku kungenxa yokuba isixhobo sikwimowudi yokhuseleko lomthwalo ogqithisileyo. Ii-LED zinokuqala ukudanyaza xa zisebenzisa izixhobo zamandla zaseTshayina ezingabizi kakhulu kunye nabalawuli be-RGB emva kweminyaka eyi-1-2 yokusebenza kwesiqhelo. Oku kunokuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba ziqulethe iinxalenye ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nezinto zikanomathotholo ezingakwaziyo ukusebenza ixesha elide nakwimisinga elinganisiweyo kunye ne-voltages. Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka komthwalo kunye nokuhla kwamandla ombane kwinethiwekhi amaxesha amaninzi kunciphisa ubomi bokusebenza kwee-capacitors. Ukuze ulondoloze imali, abavelisi basebenzisa iindawo ezingabizi, ezingathembekiyo ezingaboneleli ngokusebenza kakuhle. Abavelisi banomdla ekutsaleni abathengi ngokubhengeza ukwanda kweempawu zobugcisa bemveliso yabo, engaqinisekiswanga ekusebenzeni. Ukuze ulondoloze imali, abavelisi basebenzisa iindawo ezingabizi, ezingathembekiyo ezingaboneleli ngokusebenza kakuhle. Abavelisi banomdla ekutsaleni abathengi ngokubhengeza ukwanda kweempawu zobugcisa bemveliso yabo, engaqinisekiswanga ekusebenzeni. Ukuze ulondoloze imali, abavelisi basebenzisa iindawo ezingabizi, ezingathembekiyo ezingaboneleli ngokusebenza kakuhle. Abavelisi banomdla ekutsaleni abathengi ngokubhengeza ukwanda kweempawu zobugcisa bemveliso yabo, engaqinisekiswanga ekusebenzeni.

Xa uthenga, kufuneka unike ukhetho kwimithombo yamandla eqinisekisiweyo, kwaye ukuba uthenga inguqulelo yaseTshayina, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ibe nokugcinwa kwamandla kabini. Ubonelelo lwamandla oluphawulweyo kufuneka lumelane nemigaqo yobugcisa ebhengeziweyo ngomda.

Ukuba kukho i-backlight eyandisiweyo elingana neemitha ezili-15-20 okanye ngaphezulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa uphawu olulodwa lwetape ngexesha lofakelo. Ngaphandle koko
kwiteyiphu yeRGBukudanyaza okunemibala emininzi kwindawo ethile kuya kukhatshwa sisiphumo se-lag okanye ukuhamba kwemibala nganye. Ubomi benkonzo kufuneka buthathelwe ingqalelo. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide okungenazinkathazo kunokubangela ukuba i-capacitors yokuzinzisa kwiiyunithi zome kwaye zilahlekelwe ngumthamo wazo wokuqala. Basenokuba nesiphene, nto leyo eya kubonwa ngokudumba kwebhekile. Ukukhanya okuvela kwiteyipu kuya kuba buthathaka kwaye kufiphale emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide. Isizathu salokhu kukuthotywa kwendalo kweekristale kwiidiode. Ukukhawuleza kwale nkqubo kuya kwenzeka ngokungabikho kweprofayili ye-aluminium enika ukupholisa okuqhelekileyo. Ukuba akukho sixokelelwano sokupholisa esicingayo, ukuthotywa kuya kwenzeka ngesantya esikhawulezileyo, ngakumbi ngokuvezwa ngamaxesha athile kwimitha ye-ultraviolet engenayo.

Ukushisa kakhulu kunokwenzeka nakwiimveliso ezibizayo nezikumgangatho ophezulu ezincanyathiselwe kwisiseko somthi okanye seplastiki.

Iimeko ezifanayo zinokwenzeka xa udibanisa iiteyipu ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yamandla. Ukwahlukana kwabo kwi-voltage ye-output kunokukhokelela kwinto yokuba kwicandelo eliqhagamshelwe kwibhloko kunye neVin enye, utshintsho lwemibala ye-RGB luya kulibaziseka ngokumalunga namanye amacandelo. Esinye isizathu esiqhelekileyo sesiphumo sokudanyaza kukudibanisa unikezelo lwamandla ngokutshintshwa kokukhanya kwegumbi elikhanyayo. Ekubeni izibane ze-LED zikhanya kwi-backlight yokutshintsha, oku kuya kwenzeka kanye nge-tape. Ngoko ke, kufuneka udibanise umthombo wamandla ngokuthe ngqo usebenzisa umatshini kwiphaneli yombane okanye ngokutshintsha, kodwa ngaphandle kokukhanyisa.

Ezinye izixhobo zombane azikwazi ukufakwa kwiindawo ezivaliweyo, ezifana ne-plasterboard ceiling niches.

Umgangatho ophantsi we-solder

Kubalulekile ukulandela imigaqo kunye neengcebiso ezinxulumene nokutywinwa kwesakhiwo. I-soldering yeebhodi zeesekethe eziguquguqukayo zesiseko se-diode kunye ne-acidic fluxes esebenzayo (acidic) ibangela i-oxidation kancinane ye-pad kunye nokulahlekelwa koqhagamshelwano. Emva kwe-soldering, i-flux ihlala kwi-pad, eya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe idibanise isiseko sobhedu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-caustic flux ayinqweneleki kakhulu, kwaye ukuba loo nto isetyenzisiwe, kufuneka ihlanjwe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ingathathi hlangothi kunye nolunye uhlobo olufanelekileyo. Kwindawo ekuyo, ukukhanya okungaqhelekanga kuya kuvela, kwaye emva koko yonke icandelo lekhonkco emva kwendawo ye-solder iyakuyeka ukusebenza.

Kwimeko yokulahleka koqhagamshelwano, nqumla i-tape kwaye ulahle imodyuli engasebenziyo, uyibuyisele entsha.

Akukho mzekelo kufuneka uthengise i-tape ngentsimbi ye-soldering enamandla angaphezu kwama-watts angama-60. Oku kunokukhokelela ekugqithiseni koqhagamshelwano (xa i-copper pad ikhutshwe kumkhondo, ukuzinza koqhagamshelwano kuya kuphazamiseka). Akunzima ukujonga oku – kufuneka ucinezele umnxeba ngeminwe yakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ukukhanya kubonakala, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwebhodi. Ukuba ususa iminwe yakho, ukukhanya kuya kunyamalala. Ingxaki inokuvela ukuba i-alloy ye-tin ye-refractory isetyenzisiwe, engaboneleli ngokufanelekileyo kwi-pad yobhedu kwinqanaba lemichiza. Ukuba umfowunelwa uhlwempuzekile, ukufudumala kunye nokuhla kwamandla exesha elifutshane kunokwenzeka, oko kukuthi, i-strip ye-LED iya kubetha. Umgangatho wabafowunelwa kufuneka uhlolwe, ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-solder kunye ne-crimp yonke imidibaniso ekhoyo.

Qhagamshelana ne-oxidation kwizihlanganisi

Abanye abanazo izakhono zokusebenzisa iintsimbi zokuthambisa, kwaye abanye bafuna nje ukuphepha ukwenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi. Enye indlela inokuthathwa njengokhetho lokudibanisa usebenzisa izihlanganisi. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kune-drawback ebalulekileyo – i-oxidation yoqhagamshelwano. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala kwigumbi elitsha elipeyintiweyo, igumbi elineendonga eziqatywe mhlophe, elizaliswe yi-screed, ukufuma okuphezulu. Umsinga ongekho ngaphezu kwe-10A ugqithiswa kwizihlanganisi ezinjalo. Kulula ukubala:

• i-tape yeemitha ezintlanu inamandla angama-75 W kunye nombane we-6.5 A;
• i-tape ye-1 mitha inamandla e-30 W kunye ne-current ye-12.5 A.

Xa umnxibelelwano u-oxidized, ukuba umsinga omkhulu udlula apho, ukugqithisa kunye nokutshiswa okulandelayo kwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, abafowunelwa abanjalo bayanyamalala ngokupheleleyo.

Imeko efanayo iyenzeka ukuba indawo yoqhagamshelwano kwikhonkco ayanelanga. Oku kuchaza imfuneko yokukhetha ngenyameko.

Umlawuli kunye neRemote

Ukuba i-strip ye-LED ayiguquki kwaphela okanye isebenze kanye kuphela, isizathu sinokulala kwiibhetri ezifileyo zolawulo olude, olusetyenziselwa ukulawula umlawuli ngeteknoloji ye-RGB. Kufuneka uqale ngokujonga iibhetri. Ukuba isixhobo sokukhanyisa sitshintsha kwaye sitshintsha imibala ngokuzimeleyo, ngoko ukungasebenzi kulele kumlawuli.

Ngolawulo olukude olusebenzayo, olo tshintsho alunakwenzeka. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutshintsha okuzimeleyo akuxhunyiwe kunye nolawulo olukude, kwanele ukususa iibhetri kwimeko.

Enye indlela yokubona ukungasebenzi kakuhle komlawuli kukususa isixhobo kwisekethe yombane. Kufuneka unikeze amandla kumbala ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo. Ukuba akukho kusilela kwaye yonke into isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ke isizathu silele kwisilawuli se-RGB, ekufuneka itshintshwe enye entsha. Ukuba kukho i-flickering (ecinyiweyo) inxalenye yeekristale ezintathu kuyo nayiphi na icandelo le-tape, kuyimfuneko ukuyibuyisela. Oku kunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukuqhawula kwiprofayile:

1. Ngomese wobufundisi, icandelo elingasebenziyo lisuswa ngokucophelela ngokunqunyulwa phakathi kweepads zoqhagamshelwano.
2. Kuyimfuneko ukucoca kunye ne-tin abafowunelwa bobhedu ngeenxa zonke.
3. Indawo eshiyiweyo ithatyathelwa indawo yecandelo elitsha, ukujonga i-polarity, i-tinning abafowunelwa kunye ne-soldering conductors eziprintiweyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ucofe iqhosha amaxesha amaninzi ukuze uvule isibane. Oku kubonisa ukuba isixhobo sokulawula sidala ingxaki. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kolawulo olukude kunokwenzeka ukuba iveliswa ngabavelisi baseTshayina.

Ukuxilongwa kwephutha kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa umhloli omiselweyo kwi-12 V uluhlu.

Ungcoliseko lomatshini wamaqhosha olawulo olukude okanye umthombo wamandla unokwenzeka.

I-LED engalunganga

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle oku ngasentla kuhambelana neeteyipu ezisebenza kwi-voltage ephantsi 12, 24, 36 V. Kukho nezixhobo ezisebenza kwi-220 V. Izixhobo zokukhanyisa zibekwe ngokulandelelana kwiindawo ezinkulu. Ngokomzekelo, imitha yomgca omnye iya kuba ne-semiconductors engama-60. Ukuba i-LED enye iyasilela, ezinye ziya kuchaphazeleka. Kusebenza okufanayo kwiimeko apho enye ye-LED iqala ukukhanya. I-backlight ye-12 V yenziwe ngamaqela e-LED axhunyiwe ngokufanayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, xa enye ye-semiconductors iqhwanyaza, izenzo ezingalunganga ziya kuwela kuphela kwiqela elithile.

Ukulungisa le meko akunzima – kufuneka ufumane i-LED ephosakeleyo kwaye uthengise enye kuloo ndawo. Ungasebenzisa indlela yehlabathi engaphezulu ukulungisa ingxaki- buyisela le modyuli (iqela).

Ukubonakala kwesiphumo esidanyazayo emva kwexesha elithile emva kokukhanyisa isixhobo sokukhanyisa kuthetha ukuba enye i-semiconductor inephutha. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokufudumeza ngokuthe ngcembe kunye nokwaphulwa koqhagamshelwano kwaye kubangela ukuthotywa ngakumbi kweteyiphu. Idiode epholileyo iya kuqalisa ukusebenza kwakhona. Isenzo esinjalo siya kuphindwa kunye nomjikelo othile. Ukuba unamava nge-electronics kunye nokukwazi ukusebenzisa i-iron soldering, ukutshintshwa kwecandelo elineziphene akuyi kubangela ubunzima.

Ezinye izizathu

Ukuqhwanyaza komtya we-LED kunokubangelwa zezinye izizathu ezingakumbi:

• Ukusebenza kweenkqubo ezenza ukukhanya okusasazekayo, okusebenzayo ngoncedo lombane otshintshanayo. Ukusuka kwi-fuse, i-voltage ishukuthela kwibhulorho ye-diode kwaye ukusuka apho sele iphuma kwifom ye-voltage eqhubekayo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokukhanya okulinganayo.
• Imithetho ephulwayo yokufaka kunye nokudibanisa i-tape kunye ne-wiring diagram. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela yokudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo umgca we-LED, funda apha .
• Ukungahambelani nolawulo lwe-thermal. Imeko enjalo inokwenzeka xa isixhobo sibekwe ebhodini ngaphandle kokungena umoya.
• Vula iteyiphu efakiweyo. Emva koko ii-LED ziya kungabikho ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko lomatshini.
• Ukungahambelani nemithetho okanye ubukho bokuphulwa ngexesha lokuxhunywa kweengcingo kwi-strip ye-LED. Iimeko ezinjalo zihlala zisenzeka ezindlwini apho kusekho iingcingo ezindala.
• Izigaba ezibuyiselwe umva. Ngokuhambelana nesiqhelo, ukutshintshwa kufuneka kuphazamise umqhubi wesigaba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ixutywe (ukungabikho kokumakisha), ngoko ke umtshintshi uyaphulwa ngocingo olungathathi hlangothi, olukhokelela ekukhanyeni kwediode.
• Uphuhliso lwezibonelelo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umphumo odanyazayo ubonakala xa ukukhanya kucinyiwe, kodwa kukho ithuba lokuvela kwayo kwindawo yokusebenza. Le meko yokugqibela ikhokelela kungekuphela nje ukuqhwanyaza, kodwa kunye nokuguqulwa kweempawu zokukhanya.

Ukuba akukho khuselo lomatshini kwii-LED, ngoko umswakama ofumana kubo unokubangela ukusebenza okungalunganga kwemithombo yokukhanya.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhanya komgca we-LED kuya kukhokelela ekutshintshweni kwesakhiwo sonke. Kungcono ukuthenga i-tape enomda ubude ukuze wenze indawo yengxaki. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela umgangatho wemveliso ethengiweyo. Ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle okubonakalayo kubangela ubunzima obunzima, kungcono ukudibana neengcali.