Sei mwenje we LED uchipenya uye nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko racho?

Kupenya uye kupenya kwemarambi e LED hakusi kungofadza maziso chete, asiwo kunokuvadza. Zvikonzero zvechiitiko chisingadikanwi chiri mumhando yakaderera yemarambi e LED uye musimba rekunze zvinhu. Chero zvazvingava, zvakakosha kutsvaga chikonzero cheflicker uye kubvisa.

Zvikonzero zvekudzima kana switch yabatidzwa

Kana mwenje we LED uchidzima pakarepo mushure mekuchinja, ipapo pane dambudziko mudhiyabhorosi wiring. Pakati pezvikonzero zvinowanzokonzera kupenya kwe LED kusadzika-mhando yekuisa. Kana iyo yekubatanidza uye yedunhu zvinhu zvisina kuchengetedzwa zvakachengeteka, zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinetso zvinogona kuitika panguva yekushanda, kusanganisira flickering.

Paunenge uchibatanidza tambo, funga nezve polarity – maererano nemucherechedzo wemuvara wewaya. Paunenge uchiisa marambi muzvivako zvekare, shandisa multimeter kuti uone chikamu uye vatsigiri vezvematongerwo enyika. Kana iyo wiring isiriyo, pane diki diki yemagetsi mudunhu ichiita kuti mwenje udzike.

Mushure mekubatidza, marambi e LED haangobatike chete, asiwo anopisa zvakajeka zvakakwana. Kana mwenje we LED uchipenya zvishoma, chinhu chekutanga kuita kutarisa chiyero chevoltage mumambure nekubatanidza rimwe mwenje kwairi.

Low voltage

Kuyera magetsi mumagetsi, shandisa midziyo yekuyera yakakosha – multimeters kana voltmeters. Kana kukosha kuri pakati pe215-225 V kunoonekwa pachiratidzo / chiyero, saka zvese zvakarongeka. Kutsauka kwe5 V hakuna kutsoropodza.

Isingasviki 200 V kana kupfuura 230 V inoratidza matambudziko neiyo mains voltage uye inoda kukurumidza kugadzirisa. Bata nyanzvi – muhofisi yeimba kana sangano rinobatanidzwa mukuchengetedza magetsi emagetsi. Nyanzvi dzichayera uye kugadzirisa kushanda kwe transformer pane substation.

Kana boka rekugadzirisa risingakwanisi kuvimbisa kuti mhepo inosangana nezvinodiwa zvePUE, zvinodikanwa kusanganisira ikozvino limiter kana voltage stabilizer munharaunda.

Kusakwana kwesefa kunyatsoshanda

Mune marambi akachipa eChinese, uye dzimwe nguva epamba, mutyairi akazara anovakwa pahwaro hwedunhu riri nyore. Kusakwana kwekuita kusefa kunokonzera sei kupenya kwemwenje we LED:

1. Mutyairi ane diode zambuko D1-D4. Iyo inotsvedza capacitive sefa C2 – Rf yakabatana munhevedzano nayo. Iyo yekupinza voltage inoderedzwa kusvika kune inodiwa kukosha mune resistor-capacitor wedunhu (quenching resistor Rg uye smoothing capacitor C1).
2. Iyo sefa inobvisa zvakasara ripple yeazvino yakagadziriswa ne diode bhiriji, kana network iine yakajairwa voltage. Asi zambuko harigoni kupfavisa ruzha rwekuvhuvhuta, izvo zvinokonzeresa kupenya.
3. Pakutsauka kudiki kweiyo voltage yekupinda kubva kune yakatsanangurwa kukosha – nekuda kwekukwira kweiyo-voltage hunhu – kune shanduko huru mune yazvino. Izvi zvinokanganisa pakarepo kupenya kwekupenya.

Iwe unogona kugadzirisa mamiriro acho nekuwedzera iyo sefa smoothing factor. Sezvo mhepo inogara ichishandiswa kune ma LEDs, iyo capacitor Cd inogona kubatanidzwa kune dunhu rinoenderana neiyo smoothing capacitor C1.

Kunyangwe mumarambi epakati-kirasi, mwenje wemwenje we LED mutyairi akazara ane yakasanganiswa ikozvino stabilizer (inowanzo shandiswa uchishandisa pulse-width modulation scheme).

Kuwanikwa kwema dimmers

Pakutanga , dimmer (chigadzirwa chemagetsi chinokutendera kuti ugadzirise simba / kupenya kwe LEDs) yakagadziridzwa kuti ishande nemwenje incandescent. Iyo haishande zvakanaka nemhando dzakawanda dzemarambi e LED.

Chikonzero chekunetsana kwehunyanzvi isimba remutoro rinorema. Iyo dimmer yakayerwa inosvika makumi mashanu watts, iyo yakanyanya kudarika yakawanda maLED fixtures.

Kazhinji, kana marambi akabatidzwa kuburikidza ne dimmer, flicker inooneka, iyo inogona kupera kana simba richiwedzerwa. Kudzima dimmer kunobatsira kubvisa flicker. Dzimwe nguva zvakakwana kuti usaise mudziyo wekushandura switch munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa, kana kuti unogona kushandura mudziyo kubva kumucheto unotungamira kuenda kumashure.

Mwenje usina kunaka

Kupenya kwemarambi e LED kunogona kuoneka kana kusaonekwa neziso remunhu. Chikonzero chedambudziko kusakwana kwemagetsi e LED, kusakwanisa kutsvedzerera zvakanaka iyo yakagadziriswa mains voltage.

Kuwedzera kwakasimba pulsations kunokuvadza kuona kana mhedzisiro yakadaro ichionekwa zuva nezuva. Vagadziri vemarambi e LED vanofanirwa kuratidza ripple factor pane zvigadzirwa zvavo. MuRussia, iyi parameter inodzorwa neSanPiN. Mune marambi eChinese, yakakwirira kudarika yakaziviswa maitiro.

Zvinokwanisika kushandura michina yemagetsi yemarambi eChinese, asi zvakaoma. Kazhinji iwe unofanirwa kuvhura hwaro hwavo uye shandura iyo inotsvedza capacitor kune yakawanda capacious. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti inokodzera muimba yepasi.

Sei mwenje we LED uchipenya kana mwenje wakadzimwa?

Mwenje ye LED ine inertia yakaderera kwazvo. Nekuda kweizvi, kunyange madiki madiki emhepo achipfuura nepakati pemaLED anoita kuti mwenje ubatike kwenguva pfupi, iyo inotaridzika inofanana nekupenya.

Zvikonzero zvekufinyamisa mukunze kwenyika zvakasiyana, asi zvese zvine chinhu chakafanana – iyo yazvino muma LED inopihwa kuburikidza nemasekete asina kuitirwa izvi.

Wiring matambudziko

Kana mwenje uchinge wadzima mushure mekunge mwenje wadzima, tsvaga kuti chikamu chakabatana papi kubva pakugovera block: kune relay contacts kana kune maLED pachawo. Sarudzo yekutanga ndeyechokwadi. Kana chikamu chakabatana nerambi rinenge riine simba risingaperi, izvi zvinokonzeresa kupenya.

Chiratidzo screwdriver chinobatsira kuona chikamu uye zero: mwenje unovheneka kana wabata chikamu. Kana mawaya akabatana nemazvo, uye mwenje uchiri kupenya, tsvaga kana paine chero induced voltage mune network.

Kuonekwa kwemagetsi pane tambo yakabviswa kubva kune magetsi kunoitika kana imwe tambo yakabatanidzwa kune mains yakaiswa pedyo nayo. Waya dzinogona kuiswa mumadziro. Kana mwenje ichidzorwa neyakajairwa switch, pasina kuvhenekera, ungangoda kushandura wiring.

Kuparadzaniswa kusina kururama kwetambo dzemagetsi

Izvo zvinoitika kuti pakuisa imba yemagetsi wiring, tambo dzinoiswa mune imwe strobe nekuda kwehupfumi, nepo maererano nemitemo inofanirwa kuiswa mumatanho akasiyana. Mabatiro asina kunaka cabling anokanganisa rambi flicker:

• Nekuda kwekukanganisika kwemagetsi pakati pemaseketi emagetsi, kana vatengi vane simba vabatanidzwa, ikozvino inonyengerwa mutambo yakabatana kune voltage sosi.
• Izvo zvinoitika kuti iyo induced ikozvino inokwana kuchaja mutyairi capacitors uye kubatidza mwenje we LED kwenguva pfupi. Parasitic ikozvino inowedzera kana mutoro unokanganisa sinusoidal AC voltage. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuti sei marambi e LED dzimwe nguva achivhenekerwa kana mwenje yakadzimwa.

Mamiriro akatsanangurwa akajairwa kune bhajeti midziyo yemumba yakashongedzerwa nekuchinja magetsi ine isina kukwana mwero weiyo decoupling yemaseketi emukati.

Kukanganisa kwekubatanidza

Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza yakajairika nyaya yekubatidzwa kwakashata kwemaseketi emwenje, zvichiita kuti marambi arambe achipenya:

Chikonzero chekutanga chekuonekwa kwayo ndiko kushandiswa kwetambo dzakachipa dzine ruvara rwakafanana rwekudzivirira, pakati payo zvakaoma kuona chikamu uye zero.

Chimwe chikonzero chedambudziko ndechekusatevedzera kupihwa kwekubatanidza waya yechikamu kune switch, iyo inoratidzwa kurudyi rwemufananidzo. Kazhinji kunyange magetsi haatevedzeri mutemo uyu, sezvo pakushandisa mwenje weincandescent, kutyora kwayo hakukonzeri mhedzisiro yakaipa.

Kana ma bulbs e LED achishandiswa kuvhenekera , kukanganisa kunotungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti vanogara vaine chikamu. Leakage microcurrents, iyo iripo kunyange mune yakanaka wiring, mutyairi capacitors zvishoma nezvishoma, uye mwenje unotendeuka kwenguva pfupi.

Kuvapo kwechiedza muchinja

Nhasi, ma switch akavhenekerwa anozivikanwa zvikuru. Izvo zviri nyore kuwana murima nekuda kwekupenya kwe LED yakavakirwa mukati kiyi.

Nekuvharira switch, dunhu rakavharwa zvachose rinogadzirwa. Kunyange mafungu asingakoshi anopfuura nepakati pedunhu anogona kubhadharisa dimmer capacitor, iyo, kana yaburitswa kumwenje, inoita kuti ibatike kwenguva pfupi.

Nzira iri nyore yekubvisa flicker ndeye kuidzima. Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko, haufanirwe kutenga zvimwe zvikamu, ingo kanganisa (kubvisa) kusangana pakati pebacklight nemwenje. Iyo flickering ichanyangarika, asi iyo backlight ichadzimwa zvakare.

Marambi asina kunaka

Mwenje yemhando yepamusoro ye LED inodhura zvakanyanya. Vazhinji vashandisi vanosarudza kutenga zvakachipa vamwe. Kuderera kwavo kuderera kwehutano. Panguva yekushanda, marambi aya anogona kupenya.

Chikonzero chekupenya kwemarambi emhando yakaderera madiki capacitor. Izvo zvinoshandiswa mune zvigadzirwa zvebhajeti. Iyo capacitor inobhadharwa kuburikidza ne diode, semugumisiro weiyo flicker inooneka.

Kuisa chinhu chemhando yepamusoro nemutyairi anodzivirira kupenya kunobatsira kugadzirisa mamiriro acho. Iyo yekupedzisira hairegi iyo backlight ikozvino kune mwenje we LED.

Sei kupenya kwe LED kune njodzi?

Kunyanya kupenya kwemarambi e LED kunokanganisa hutano hwevanhu uye kunokonzera mhedzisiro yakaipa. Kupenya kunokanganisa sei muviri:

• zvinokonzera kufunganya;
• zvinokanganisa mafungiro;
• inokonzera kusagadzikana uye kuoma mumaziso;
• inokonzera kuputsika uye kuderera kwekushanda;
• inoderedza kuisa pfungwa;
• kunowedzera kuneta;
• kunomutsa kushaya hope.

Nzira yekuwana sei chikonzero chedambudziko?

Tanga kutsvaga chikonzero cheflicker nekutarisa chikamu – kana waya iyi yakabatana nemazvo. Inofanira kunge yakabatana kune imwe yekuchinja maconta.

Kana iwe ukaona kuti magetsi emagetsi ari kupihwa kune backlight, ichi ndicho chikonzero chekubwaira. Iwe unogona kutarisa dunhu nechiratidzo screwdriver – chero munhu anogona kuita iyi manipulation.

Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo:

• shandura shanduko kune analog isina backlight;
• isa diki simba rekudzivirira;
• shandisa mwenje we incandescent.

Kana iyo inopenya ikaonekwa zvakare, ongorora waya yeyakakuvadzwa insulation, oxidized contacts, padhuze tambo tambo, nezvimwe.

Kana flickering ichionekwa panzvimbo yekuchinja, tarisa kugadzikana kwevoltage. Kana ma parameter ari echokwadi, shandura mwenje we LED nemhando yepamusoro analogue.

Chii chandinofanira kuita kana mwenje we LED uchidzima?

Dambudziko rekupenya rinogona kugadziriswa nenzira dzakawanda. Basa rose rinotsanangurwa pasi apa, rinotungamirira kumatambudziko, rinofanira kuitwa nenyanzvi yemagetsi. Kuedza kwakazvimirira kuita shanduko kumasekete emagetsi kunogona kutungamirira kupfupi pfupi.

Dzima diode

Mwenje yakachipa haina anti-flicker zvishandiso kana yakadzimwa. Usati wadzima diode mune switch, gadzirira seti yezvishandiso:

• Phillips screwdriver;
• pliers;
• wire cutters;
• voltage mita.

Kurongeka kwebasa:

1. Usati wabvisa diode, de-energize muchina kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kumagetsi.
2. Pima iyo voltage pane vanobatika ne multimeter.
3. Bvisa switch yakavhenekerwa. Bvisa mapedhi nekuakwevera pasi zvishoma.
4. Vhura masiruuru kuchengetedza switch uye antennae. Cheka waya inodiwa newaya cutters.

Separate neutral wire

Dambudziko rekupenya rinogadziriswa zviri nyore kana waya dzisina kwazvakarerekera uye dzechikamu dzakabatanidzwa kune switch panguva imwe chete. Batanidza chiedza kwavari. Yakadaro yakaoma yekubatanidza chirongwa inoita kuti chiratidzo chigare chakabatidzwa, asi mwenje we LED unomira kupenya.

Kuwedzera kugona kweiyo yakaenzana capacitor

Simba remwenje re LED, rakaiswa mushure meiyo inoshandura shanduri kana voltage divider, rinoshandiswa kugadzirisa chiratidzo chekuchinjana kuburikidza ne capacitor C, iyo inotsvedzerera kunze ma ripples.

Kuti uderedze mhedzisiro yeripple pamhando yechiratidzo chakagadziridzwa, wedzera kukosha kweiyo yakaenzana capacitor. Kuti izvi zviitike, mukuwirirana nechekupedzisira, batanidza yechipiri capacitor – C1.

Pane imwe mhinduro kune dambudziko – kushandura capacitor kune imwe ine hukuru hwepamusoro. Iyo yekupedzisira inongogumira chete nehukuru hwechigadziko – chinhu chikuru ndechekuti iyo itsva capacitor inokodzera mairi.

Ikozvino kudzikamisa ikozvino-kudzima resistor

Iko kuisirwa kweyekuwedzera resistor R1 munhevedzano ye LED dunhu inotungamira mukudzikira kwesimba rekushandisa uye mutoro wazvino. Izvi zvinoderedza kusimba kwekupenya kwavo uye kunyorovesa ma ripples.

Nzira yekudzikisa sei LED pulsation:

1. Deredza ikozvino kupfuura nepakati peHL1-HLn dunhu ne25-30%. Eresa kudonha kwevoltage mudunhu rekushanda uye ita zvishoma kuverenga.
2. Ikozvino inopfuura nepakati pe LED inotemwa maererano nemutemo weOhm. Kuziva voltage uye kuramba R \u003d 1 kOhm, ikozvino I \u003d U / R inogadziriswa nyore nyore.
3. Wawana kukosha kwazvino, zvideredze neinosvika 25% uye verenga kupikisa kwese uchishandisa fomula imwechete R=U/I. Bvisa iyo yekutanga kuramba kubva kune yakawanikwa kukosha uye tora yaunoda kukosha R1.
4. Sarudza kupikisa maererano nesimba rinobvumirwa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kupisa kwechimiro, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira mukupisa kwayo kwakakwana.

Nzira iri pamusoro haigoni kubvisa zvachose kupenya, asi inoderedza zvakanyanya.

Kubatanidza mafirita epamba

Kubatanidza capacitors uye kuchovha kunogona kunyatso kupfavisa ruzha rwepamusoro-ruzha runobva kune mains kuenda kune mwenje we LED magetsi. Kune vatyairi vakareruka, mhinduro iyi yakakwana kubvisa flicker.

Zvimiro zvesefa:

1. Sefa yakadaro inounganidzwa semodule yakaparadzana, yobva yabatidzwa pamberi chaipo pemwenje.
2. Iyo sefa haigone kuvakwa mujinga remwenje we LED. Inoitwa mune dielectric kesi. Inogona kuiswa chero kupi zvako, asi inokurudzirwa kuiisa zvakananga pamberi pekaturiji.

Unofanira kufonera anogadzira magetsi rinhi?

Haufanire kufonera mugadziri wemagetsi kuti atsive mwenje we LED. Asi, kana usingakwanise kuwana chikonzero chekuti mwenje unodzima uri wega, uchafanirwa kumukoka.

Iye achatarisa kubatana, kuona kunaka kweiyo wiring, kuita basa rose rinodiwa rinoda hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye rimwe boka rekushivirira.

Kupenya kwemarambi e LED idambudziko rakakura kune zvese kunyaradza uye hutano hwevanhu. Zvakakosha kutsvaga chikonzero chedambudziko uye kugadzirisa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Kuiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye wiring inoshandiswa kunobatsira kudzivirira kupenya kwemarambi mumba.