Gushushanya, gushiraho no gukoresha dimmers kumatara ya LED

Dimmer ni igikoresho kigenzura urumuri rw’itara. Byamamare cyane ni ibikoresho nkibi bifatanije n’amatara ya LED. Tuziga uburyo dimmers ikora, icyo aricyo, nuburyo bwo guhitamo neza.

Dimmer ni iki?

Dimmer nigikoresho cya elegitoroniki cyagenewe kugenzura imbaraga zamatara. Guhindura bikorwa muguhindura voltage yatanzwe kumuzigo.
Dimmer yamatara asanzwe yaka yahimbwe kera. Ibikoresho byambere cyane byari rheostat yagengaga umucyo wibyuka bihindura imyigaragambyo. Nyuma, ibyuma bya elegitoroniki byoroheje byakozwe hamwe nibikorwa byiterambere. Ikintu kidasanzwe kiranga dimmer, gitandukanya na rheostat, kiri mubucuti butaziguye nimbaraga z itara rya LED – mugihe umucyo wumucyo ugabanutse, gukoresha ingufu bigabanuka, kandi hamwe nigiciro cyingufu nacyo kigabanuka. .

Kuki bikenewe?

Icyuma cyamatara ya LED gikoreshwa aho ukeneye hose kugirango uhindure urumuri. Iki gikoresho kigufasha gukora ibidukikije byiza kandi byiza bihuye nibikenewe hamwe numutima wumukoresha. Amashanyarazi yose ya LED agabanijwemo amatsinda abiri manini:

• ibikoresho byigenga – amatara;
• LED imirongo.

Uyu munsi, itara hafi ya 220 V LED ntirishobora gucika. Aya ni amatara hamwe na E, MR, G. Kuri LED imirongo, ibikoresho bifite PWM (pulse ubugari bwa pulse) birakoreshwa. Ingero zo gukoresha dimmer:

• kugabanuka kumucyo mwinshi mubyumba mbere yo kuryama;
• mugushushanya imbere aho urumuri rutandukanye rusabwa;
• guhindura amatara muburyo bwo guhagarara – kugabanya gukoresha ingufu;
• kubona ingaruka zo kumurika mugihe cyibitaramo nibindi birori, harimo no kwizihiza urugo – amatara azimye mugihe cyo kubyina cyangwa gusangira urukundo.

Kumurika uturere tumwe na tumwe biragenda. Icyumba gitegura itara ryinyuma, ritegekwa ukoresheje dimmer kandi rimurikira ikintu runaka cyangwa agace – urugero, ishusho cyangwa vase nini.

Igikoresho nihame ryimikorere

Ikintu nyamukuru cya dimmer nurufunguzo – bikunze kwitwa guhinduranya cyangwa guhinduranya. Igenzurwa na transistors ya semiconductor, triacs, thyristors. Nkesha dimmers, amatara 220 na 12 V LED ikora kuri 10-100% yubushobozi bwabo.
Ihame ry’imikorere:

1. Sinusoidal ihinduranya amashanyarazi inyura mumashanyarazi. Guhindura urumuri rw’itara rya LED, sinusoide yaciwe ikoreshwa kuri yo.
2. Sinusoide yaciwe mugukata igice – icyerekezo cyangwa inzira ikurikira. Kubera iyi, voltage itanga isoko yumucyo iragabanuka. Nkigisubizo, imbaraga numucyo wamatara birahinduka.

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo guhindura voltage:

• Imbere. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mugucunga amatara ya 220V LED na CFL ukoresheje amashanyarazi ya electronique. Na none, guhinduranya kuruhande rwa sinusoide ikoreshwa mumatara make ya voltage.

• Imbere. Igenzura rikoreshwa mumatara ya halogen na LED. Dimming ikorwa hifashishijwe ibyuma bya elegitoroniki.

Dimmers ni amashanyarazi atanga amashanyarazi. Kugirango ubigabanye, inductor irwanya cyane (choke) cyangwa inductive-capacitive filter ishyirwa mumuzunguruko. Video ikurikira izagufasha kumenya byinshi kubyerekeranye na voltage isanzwe / umucyo ugenzura:
Dimmer yashizwemo cyangwa aho guhinduranya. Ikintu nyamukuru gisabwa nuko igikoresho kigomba kuba kiri mbere yumushoferi wamatara ya LED.

Umushoferi wa LED-itara – igikoresho cyo kubungabunga amashanyarazi kurwego runaka. Itanga LED hamwe nigihe gihoraho, ikabuza guhindagurika no kumeneka.

Ndetse na voltage ntoya itandukanijwe kuva ibipimo byagenwe biganisha ku guhindagurika no kuzimya kwa LED – ibi bice bya semiconductor byumva cyane imbaraga. Kugirango umenye neza ko voltage itangwa mumipaka yagenwe, imiyoboro ya kijyambere ntabwo ikoresha uburyo gakondo bwo kugenzura imizigo – guhindura imyigaragambyo – ariko impinduka ya pulse-ubugari. Itanga amashanyarazi kuri diode muri pulses ngufi ugereranije intera ndende. Uburyo dimmer ya PWM ikora:

• Umuzunguruko ni moteri itanga amashanyarazi menshi (200 Hertz).
• Indwara igaragara ku bisohoka, itera diode kumurika.
• Imbere mu itara rya LED, hashyizweho umushoferi usubiza kugenzura hanze. Iva mubuyobozi. Niba ikigezweho cyiyongereye, umushoferi yohereza impanuka ya PWM.

Umucyo wa LED uterwa nibipimo bya pulse ikoreshwa, kandi umucyo w’itara risanzwe biterwa n’imbaraga zubu. Kubwibyo, LED dimmer ntigomba gukoreshwa mugucunga izindi zitanga urumuri.

Ubwoko bwa dimmers

Mbere yo kugura no gushiraho dimmer, sobanura ibyiciro byabo. Ibi bikoresho bigaragara cyane ku isoko. Baratandukanye mubishushanyo, uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho no kugenzura.

Ubwoko bwo kwishyiriraho

Abagenzuzi bose bakurikije uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho bagabanijwemo amatsinda abiri manini:

• Hanze. Nibintu byo hejuru byashyizwe hejuru kurukuta. Ibikoresho nkibi mubisanzwe bishyirwaho mugihe ikibazo cyimbere atari cyo cyambere.
• Imbere. Ibi bikoresho bishyirwa mubibanza byateguwe. Amahitamo azwi cyane kubibanza byo guturamo.

Kubishushanyo mbonera

Ntabwo bishoboka gusa, ibipimo, ikiguzi, ariko nubunini bwa dimmer biterwa nigishushanyo. Uburyo bwo gushushanya:

• Modular. Izina rya kabiri ni ingabo. Bashyizwe mumashanyarazi. Ubu ni uburyo buhenze cyane hamwe no kuzuza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ntikunze gukoreshwa mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Shyira kuri gari ya moshi. Hano hari moderi ya moderi yamatara ya LED idahindura gusa urumuri rwurumuri, ariko kandi ikora indi mirimo myinshi, igenzurwa binyuze mumiyoboro ya terefone. Ibikoresho byubu bwoko bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo murugo.
• Hagarika. Igikoresho gifatika gicomeka mu mucyo. Zikoreshwa mugihe ushyira amatara kumurongo hejuru – bashira igikoresho inyuma ya canvas.
• Monoblock . Ihitamo ryambere. Ibikoresho nkibi byashizwe mumaseti asanzwe. Mubisanzwe bishyirwa mubyumba.

Nuburyo bwo kuyobora

Dimmer ni igikoresho gito gisa na switch isanzwe. Guhindura umucyo bikorwa muburyo butandukanye. Amahitamo yo kugenzura:

• Kanda buto. Biroroshye kandi byoroshye kuyobora. Umucyo uhindurwa mukanda buto.
• Swivel. Tanga uburyo bwo guhindura uburyo bwisaha cyangwa isaha. Mugihe cyambere, gukanda byumvikana – itara ryaka, kandi amatara yaka kuri 10% yagaciro kizina.
• Gusunika. Uburyo buzunguruka busa nurubanza rwabanje, ariko murubu buryo gusa urumuri rwahinduwe. Kuzimya / kuzimya amatara, kanda kuri switch.
• Gukoraho. Uburyo bugezweho kubuyobozi. Guhindura bikorwa ukanda kuri zone zijyanye. Muri moderi zihenze, ibara ryerekana.
• Remote. Igenzura rikorwa mu buryo butemewe. Ikimenyetso gitangwa hakoreshejwe radiyo cyangwa infragre. Mugihe cyambere, urashobora guhindura urumuri ruva mubyumba byose munzu, mugihe cya kabiri, werekana kugenzura kure kubuyobozi.

Ibyiza n’ibibi

Inyungu nyamukuru ya dimmer iri mumikorere yayo – kugenzura urumuri rwumucyo. Ibi bishoboka bituma umuntu yihitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kumurika – hitabwa kubikenewe byihutirwa.
Ibindi byiza bya dimmer kumatara ya LED:

• Kuzigama. Dimming igufasha kugabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu mugabanya ingufu zikoreshwa.
• Uturere. Kugabanya icyumba muri zone zitandukanye hifashishijwe urumuri, hindura urumuri rwurumuri muri zone runaka.
• Kora ku mbaraga nkeya. Iyo uvuye murugo, urashobora gusiga amatara mugushiraho urumuri rwo hasi rwamatara. Kwimuka nkukwo kwigana ahari ba nyirubwite kandi bigatera ubwoba abajura.
• Ubwiza. Ibihe bigezweho byizewe, biramba kandi bidasabwa kumikorere. Bihanganira ibintu birenze, bakora bucece, biroroshye kandi bipima bike.
• Guhindagurika. Igikoresho gikoreshwa mugucunga amatara hamwe na socket isanzwe ya E14 na E27, no kubihindura gake. Abagenzuzi bashyirwaho haba kumatara imwe ya LED no kumatsinda yose yamatara.

Inenge:

• Igiciro kinini. Bifata amezi, cyangwa imyaka, kugeza igikoresho cyishyuye.
• Ingaruka. Hariho amahirwe yo kunanirwa kw’ibikoresho, bishobora kuganisha ku muriro. Hariho kandi akaga ko umugenzuzi utazakingura amashanyarazi mugihe bibaye ngombwa, bibangamira uyikoresha amashanyarazi.

Nigute ushobora guhitamo dimmer?

Kugirango dimmer ikore neza, igomba guhuzwa namatara ya LED. Kubwibyo, banza uhitemo ibikoresho bya LED bizakoreshwa. Guhitamo Dimmer:

• Ku itara rya 220 V. Ibikoresho bya Phase-pulse hamwe na sinusoidal yaciwe kumurongo ukurikira birasabwa.
• Kuri 12 V. Igenzura ryose rya PWM cyangwa dimmers kumirongo ya LED ikwiranye n’amatara maremare ya DC LED.

Ibimera byose bigezweho kumatara ya LED bikora kumahame ya PWM – kugenzura umurongo bimaze igihe. Birasabwa kandi gukoresha amatara yihariye yagenewe gukorana na dimmer.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo imbaraga:

1. Sum umutwaro wamatara yose ya LED azahuzwa akoresheje dimmer.
2. Ongeraho andi 20% kumafaranga yakiriwe.

Niba dimmer 2 zifunguye mumuzunguruko umwe, umutwaro ntarengwa wemewe wagabanutseho 25%. Moderi yamatara 220 V mubusanzwe yagenewe umutwaro wa 0.3-1 kW, kumatara maremare 12 V – kugeza kuri 0.1 kW. Mugihe uguze voltage igenzura, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibipimo byayo. Bikunze kubaho ko dimmer na LED itara bidahuye. Dimmer iyo ari yo yose ifite voltage ntarengwa, ishobora kuba idahagije kugenzura itara runaka. Kurugero, hari amatara ya LED ashobora gufungura no gukora kuri 5% yimbaraga zabo. Niba uhisemo dimmer itari yo, izahinduka murwego rwa 40-100%, bigabanya cyane amahirwe yo gucika.

Kwinjiza no guhuza

Ntakintu kitoroshye muguhuza dimmer kumatara ya LED. Ibyo ukeneye byose ni icyerekezo na screwdriver. Igenzura rya voltage rihujwe murukurikirane na switch. Ariko hamwe nogushiraho ugomba gucika. Niba umugenzuzi afite amahitamo kuri / kuri, yashizwe mumwanya wa gakondo kuri / kuzimya. Gahunda yo kwishyiriraho:

1. Siba urukuta ukoresheje ingumi cyangwa umwitozo hamwe na silindrike. Koresha diyama cyangwa tungsten karbide bits hanyuma utobore kurukuta hamwe nuburyo butagira inyundo bushoboye. Amakamba yinyo – muri percussion.
2. Ubujyakuzimu bwa niche yacukuwe bingana n’uburebure bwa sock, diameter nini nini. Ukoresheje chisel, fata ibikoresho imbere muri kontour yacukuwe hanyuma ukore umwobo uhumye.
3. Gukubita strobe kurukuta hamwe na punch cyangwa chisel. Bizahuza agasanduku gahuza umwobo wakoze.
4. Kora igikoni kuva kuri strobe kugeza kumatara. Hafi yumwobo, byimbitse cyane kugirango ubizane kurukuta rwinyuma rwa sock.
5. Shira insinga muri strobes hanyuma uzuzuze na minisiteri.
6. Muri sock, kuramo icyuma kiva kuruhande rwumugozi. Kuyobora insinga isohoka mu rukuta mu mwobo.
7. Shira alabaster nkeya cyangwa sima ya sima mumwobo hanyuma ushyire sock.
8. Kuraho insulasiyo mu nsinga zisohoka muri sock, kwiyambura impera z’insinga hanyuma ubihuze na terefone ziherereye imbere ya dimmer.
9. Kuzinga insinga nka bordone hanyuma ushire imbere ya dimmer muri sock. Kuramo imigozi hanyuma ukwirakwize amaguru ya spacer. Kuramo imigozi.
10. Fata ikibanza cyimbere cya dimmer kuri sock.
11. Huza insinga na luminaire hanyuma urebe uko umugenzuzi akora.

Abahanga benshi batanga inama yo gushyira insinga atari muri strobes, ahubwo no muri ruswa. Niba zishye, ntuzakenera inyundo.

Video yo gushiraho dimmer iri hepfo:
Uburyo bwo guhuza dimmer na 220 V:

1. Ntuzimye amashanyarazi. Koresha icyerekezo kugirango umenye icyiciro. Andika insinga kugirango utavangavanga.
2. Zimya amashanyarazi hanyuma ukomeze kwishyiriraho.
3. Umugenzuzi wurubanza afite imvugo “L” na “N”. Kuramo icyiciro kuri “L”, zeru – kuri “N”.
4. Fata insinga neza – kora umubano wizewe. Koresha imiyoboro ihindura kugirango uringanize umubiri wijimye, ukosore ikibaho hanyuma ugerageze igikoresho.

Ubushakashatsi

Dimmers ikoreshwa muguhindura amatara yihariye ya LED – dimmable. Amatara asanzwe ya LED ntashobora gukoreshwa afatanije numuyoboro wa voltage. Niba uhuza itara rya LED ridashobora gucanwa na dimmer, bizahita bihindagurika, bizimya kandi bizimya. Ntibishoboka guhindura umucyo wacyo, birashobora gutwikwa. Amatara adakomeye biroroshye kumenya kubimenyetso bikwiye kubipakira. Hano hari amatara ya LED arimo ubushobozi bwo kuzimya. Birashobora guhinduka, ariko murwego ruto cyane, kubwibyo nabyo ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa hamwe na dimmer. Kugira ngo byumvikane kugura umugenzuzi, koresha n’amatara yaka. Amahirwe yo gukora dimmers:

• Ubuyobozi buva mu ngingo zitandukanye. Hano hari dimmers zisanzwe kandi zinyuze. Urakoze kubwa nyuma, urashobora kugenzura amatara kuva mubyumba bitandukanye.
• Automatic on-off. Dimmers ya chandeliers nandi matara ntishobora kubakwa mugihe gusa, ahubwo inatanga gahunda. Bemerewe kandi guhuzwa na terefone zigendanwa. Mugutegura gahunda yo kumurika ibihe bitandukanye byumunsi, ntushobora guta igihe muguhindura.
• Kugenzura kure. Iragufasha guhindura urumuri rw’urumuri muburyo butandukanye – ukoresheje ijwi cyangwa kugenzura kure.
• Igenzura rya Wi-Fi. Urashobora guhindura umucyo murugo rwawe aho ariho hose kwisi. Ibyo babikora babinyujije kuri terefone, tablet, nibindi.
• Guhindura ubushyuhe bwamabara. Iyo umucyo uhindutse, ibara ryimirasire nayo irahinduka. Iyo icuze, urumuri ruva mumatara ruba rutandukanye. Ubushyuhe bwamabara buratandukanye kuva 2.700 K kugeza 1.500 K – iyi ni intera igereranijwe.

Abaproducer Bambere

Dimmer nigikoresho cya tekinoroji yubuhanga idashobora gukizwa kuri. Ibikoresho bihendutse byabashinwa ntabwo byizewe kandi birashobora kunanirwa igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Abakora dimmer bazwi cyane bari muburayi bwiburengerazuba.

Legrand

Iyi sosiyete ishaje cyane yubufaransa ifatwa nkimwe mubyiza mubakora ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi. Ikirango nicyo kizwi cyane mu Burusiya. Ibicuruzwa bya Legrand bigurishwa kwisi yose.
Urwego rugari rurimo dimmers kuva moderi yingengo yimari kugeza kurwego rwo hejuru. Igiciro cya rotary-push verisiyo ni ibihumbi 2-6. Ibikoresho bitandukanye muburyo bwa laconic hamwe nubwiza buhanitse.

Amashanyarazi

Uru ruganda narwo rufite abafaransa. Isosiyete izwi cyane mu buhanga bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Yashizeho imiterere nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi i Burayi imyaka myinshi. Ikirangantego gifite inganda nyinshi muri Federasiyo y’Uburusiya, kandi ibicuruzwa byacyo birakenewe ku isi yose.
Imashini zizunguruka kandi zizunguruka ziva muri Schneider Electric, yubatswe no hejuru, irashobora kugurwa amafaranga agera ku bihumbi 3-5.

ABB

Isosiyete ihagarariye umusaruro uhuriweho na Suwede n’Ubusuwisi kandi ni kimwe mu bihangange by’amashanyarazi. Isosiyete ikora ku isoko mu kinyejana cya kabiri. Itangiza tekinoroji igezweho kandi igurisha ibicuruzwa byayo kwisi yose. Impuzandengo yikigereranyo cya ABB dimmers ni amafaranga ibihumbi 9.

Nigute ushobora gukora dimmer n’amaboko yawe bwite?

Hamwe nicyuma cyo kugurisha hamwe nubuhanga buke mugukorana numuyoboro wa elegitoronike, urashobora gukora dimmer wenyine. Kubatangiye radio amateur, kurugero, umuzenguruko wa dimmer ukurikira kumatara 220 V LED arakwiriye:
Ihame ryimikorere yumuzingi uzateranya:

• voltage binyuze muri rheostat ihindagurika ikoreshwa kuri capacitor;
• C1 itanga amafaranga yegeranijwe kumatara – izaka hamwe nubucyo bukwiye.

Uburyo bwo guteranya uruziga:

1. Fata ikibaho cya textolite hanyuma ushushanye igishushanyo mbonera. Igomba kwerekana neza aho ibice byose biri.
2. Siba umwobo mu kibaho ukoresheje imyitozo yoroheje – ku maguru ya résistants, capacator hamwe nibindi bintu byumuzunguruko.
3. Shyiramo amaguru yibigize radio mubyobo, hindura ikibaho hanyuma ugurishe ibice. Ukurikije igishushanyo, ihuza amaguru ninsinga z’umuringa – isimbuza inzira gakondo.
4. Mugihe ibintu byose bigurishijwe, gerageza umuzenguruko ukora. Fata karitsiye hamwe ninsinga hanyuma ushiremo itara. Huza insinga ku gishushanyo. Niba umuzunguruko uteranijwe neza, umugenzuzi azakora nyuma yo gukoresha voltage.
5. Hindura uburyo bwo guhinduranya ibintu bihinduranya isaha nisaha. Muri iki gihe, urumuri rw’itara ruzahinduka. Iyo umugenzuzi ahinduwe kuri imwe mu myanya ikabije, itara rizima.

Video yo guteranya abagenzuzi:
Impinduramatwara zose zigomba kuba zifunguye. Ntugakore ku bice mugihe cyo kwipimisha – ibi ni bibi. Niba urugo rwawe rutaragira amatara ya LED n’ibikoresho, kandi ukaba ugiye kubishiraho, tekereza gushiraho dimmer. Ibi ntibizagufasha gusa gucana urumuri, ahubwo bizanakora ingaruka zitandukanye zo kumurika mugihe ushushanya imbere.