Momwe mungasankhire ndikuyika gulu la LED?

Gulu la LED ndi nyali yowunikira yomwe imakhala ndi ma LED angapo ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi netiweki ya 220 V. Ma LED amaphimbidwa ndi diffuser – “plafond” yowonekera kapena matte. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa mapanelo a LED kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga yunifolomu komanso kuunikira kwamphamvu komwe kumapangitsa malo kukhala omasuka, osangalatsa komanso abwino kugwira ntchito.

Kodi mapanelo a LED amagwiritsidwa ntchito pati?

Magetsi a LED amaikidwa m’zipinda zazikulu. Amapereka kuwala kofalikira, yunifolomu ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo amadziŵika ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu.

Ma panel a LED amafunidwa mu:

• masitolo ogulitsa mafakitale;
• mu nkhokwe;
• malo okhala;
• masitolo ndi masitolo;
• sukulu, zipatala, zipatala, malo masewera;
• zotsatsa malonda;
• maofesi.

Kodi zowunikira zimakonzedwa bwanji?

Gulu la LED ndi nyali ya mapangidwe apadera. Imafanana ndi sangweji, chifukwa imapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo. Kodi gulu la LED limapangidwa ndi chiyani?

• zitsulo za aluminiyamu;
• lens yoyendetsa kuwala yokhala ndi ma laser notches, pomwe kuwala kochokera ku nyali kumagwera ndikuwonetseredwa kuchokera pamenepo;
• filimu yowonetsera ndi diffuser, yopereka kuwala kofananako pamtunda wonse wa nyali;
• chisindikizo;
• acrylic kuwala chinthu;
• Mzere wa LED.

Mapangidwewo amakhazikika padenga ndi zomangira zokha, zomangira kapena misomali. Kugwira ntchito mokhazikika kwa nyali kumapereka mphamvu yokhazikika.

Makanema a LED ali ndi mapangidwe osavuta. Ngati mumagula ma LED ndi zigawo zonse zofunika, mukhoza kupanga gulu la LED ndi manja anu.

Zosiyanasiyana

Opanga amapereka mitundu yambiri ya mapanelo a LED. Kuti asankhe mosavuta, amagawidwa motsatira njira zosiyanasiyana.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a gulu la LED ndi:

• kuzungulira;
• amakona anayi;
• lalikulu.

Miyeso ya mapanelo ndi yosiyana kwambiri, ndipo makulidwe awo ndi 14 mm. Kusankhidwa kwa mawonekedwe kumadalira makamaka mapangidwe a malo ndi zokonda za eni ake.

Malingana ndi chipangizo ndi cholinga, mapanelo a LED ndi awa:

• Denga. Asintha nyale zamaofesi ndi nyali za fulorosenti. Mapanelo ndi ochepa kwambiri, amatha kuikidwa m’zipinda zokhala ndi denga lochepa. Moyo wautumiki wazogulitsa ndi zaka 20. Mapanelo amawoneka okongola padenga loyimitsidwa komanso lotambasula.
• Kutsatsa. Ma panel omwe amasewera ngati zikwangwani amapangidwa ngati chinsalu. Ma LED omwe ali pamenepo ali ofanana ndi ma pixel omwe ali mu monitor. Iwo, akudzaza chophimba chonse, amapanga chithunzi kapena maziko. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma diode amitundu itatu kumapangitsa kuti mupeze zithunzi zosinthika.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito

Musanakhazikitse mapanelo a LED, ndizothandiza kuti mudziwe zabwino ndi zovuta zawo zonse. Izi zikuthandizani kumvetsetsa ngati kuli koyenera kuyika mapanelo a LED nthawi iliyonse.

Zabwino:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwachuma;
• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe;
• palibe mercury ndi zitsulo zolemera;
• kwenikweni musatenthe;
• nthawi yomweyo kuyatsa pa mphamvu zonse;
• palibe pulsations;
• mosavuta kukhazikitsa;
• kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe powunikira madera amunthu, kusintha mtundu wa kuwala, mdima;
• moyo wautali wautumiki – mpaka maola 35,000.

Zochepa:

• mufunika magetsi a gulu la LED lomwe limasintha 220 V kukhala 12 kapena 36 V;
• mtengo wapamwamba.

Kuyika mapanelo a LED kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mabilu amagetsi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mwachitsanzo, gulu lokhala ndi mphamvu ya 40 W limapereka kuwala kwa 3,400 lm, komwe kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha mayunitsi owunikira.

Momwe mungasankhire gulu la LED?

Kuti mupeze kuunikira koyenera kudera lomwe mwapatsidwa, lingalirani magawo azomwe zimapangidwira komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito. Zina ndizoyenera, zina ndizosankha, kuonjezera mwayi wosankha bwino kwambiri.

Kuwala ndi Mphamvu

Ndikofunikira kusankha gulu la LED osati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, koma ndi kuwala, kuyeza mu Lumens. Ndi iko komwe, cholinga chachikulu chogula nyale ndicho kupeza mulingo womwe ukufunidwa wa kuunikira.

Dziwani kuchuluka koyenera kwa Lumens, poganizira kuchuluka kwa nyali, malo a chipindacho, mawonekedwe omaliza ndi zinthu zina. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito ntchito za katswiri yemwe angapange mawerengedwe onse ofunikira pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yapadera.

Chiŵerengerocho chidzakuthandizaninso kusankha nyali: 1,000 Lumens ikufanana ndi kuwala kwa nyali ya 100 W incandescent.

Mtundu wa mphamvu

Nyali zambiri za LED zimakhala ndi mtundu wa 220 V kapena 12 V. Zakale zimakhala zowonjezereka komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Chachiwiri chimafuna mphamvu zapadera – stabilizers, converters, madalaivala. 12V LED mapanelo amaonedwa otetezeka komanso odalirika.

Kutentha kokongola

Chizindikiro ichi chikufotokozera mthunzi wa kuwala wopangidwa ndi nyali. Makhalidwe ovomerezeka:

• kwa malo okhala – kuwala kotentha, 3,000 K;
• kwa maofesi, masitolo, mabizinesi – kusalowerera ndale, 4000-5500 K;
• zipinda zothandizira ndi luso – kuwala kozizira, 6,500 K.

Mtundu woperekera index

Chizindikirochi chikuwonetsa zowona za kuwonetsa mtundu wa zinthu pansi pa kuyatsa kochita kupanga. Chizindikiro chofananiza ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe kwa dzuwa. Mitundu yoyipa kwambiri ndi 1 CRI, yabwino kwambiri ndi 100 CRI. Zosintha zamakono zamtundu wabwino zimakhala ndi index ya 85-90.

Mlingo wa fumbi ndi chitetezo chinyezi

Mndandanda wa IP umadziwitsa ogula za chitetezo cha gulu la LED ku chinyezi ndi kuipitsa mpweya. Malangizo pamlingo wachitetezo ku fumbi ndi chinyezi:

• zipinda zogona ndi maofesi – mtengo wotsika wa IP20 ndi wokwanira;
• zipinda zosambira, mabafa ndi zipinda zina zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri – IP44;
• kwa malo omwe kukhudzana mwachindunji kwa nyali ndi madzi ndikotheka – kuchokera ku IP65.

Moyo wonse

Mapanelo ochokera kwa opanga odalirika amasonkhanitsidwa kokha kuchokera ku ma LED apamwamba ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu. Moyo wawo wautumiki umayerekezedwa pa makumi masauzande a maola. Makanema a LED awa amabwera ndi chitsimikizo chazaka 2.

Zogulitsa zotsika mtengo zimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku ma LED otsika kwambiri ndi madalaivala. Ma LED oterowo amatha kulephera pakatha milungu ingapo akugwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri amapereka chitsimikizo choposa chaka.

Kutulutsa kowala

Chikhalidwechi chimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe nyali imapereka kwa watt iliyonse yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito. Kuwala kumatsimikizira mphamvu ya zounikira ndipo kumayesedwa mu lm/W.

Nyali yamakono ya LED imakhala ndi kuwala kwa 120-170 Lm/W. Poyerekeza, nyali ya incandescent imakhala ndi kuwala kwa 10-20 Lm / W. Kuwala kwapamwamba kwambiri, nyali zimatulutsa kuwala kofanana ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.

Mtundu wa diffuser

Diffuser – plexiglass yapadera, chifukwa kuwala kumagawidwa mofanana m’chipinda chonse. Imatetezanso maso ku kuwala kwachindunji ndipo imakhala ngati chigawo chokongoletsera. Makanema otchuka kwambiri okhala ndi galasi la prismatic ndi frosted.

Opanga ndi mitengo

Makanema onse a LED pamsika amatha kugawidwa m’magulu atatu akuluakulu – zogulitsa kunja, zapakhomo komanso zotsika mtengo zaku China. Pakati pa opanga ku Russia, zinthu za LED-Effect, Optogan, Gauss zimayenera kusamala kwambiri.

Odziwika kwambiri akunja opanga mapanelo a LED:

• Kampani yaku Japan Nichia;
• Mtundu waku Germany SLV;
• Makampani aku Taiwan a Everlight Electronics ndi TG-Light Optoelectronic.

Mtengo wa mapanelo otsika amphamvu a LED – kuchokera ku ma ruble 400, amphamvu – kuchokera ku ma ruble 1,500.

Njira zophatikizira ndi kulumikizana

Makanema a LED amayikidwa pamalo osiyanasiyana – padenga / makoma a konkriti, pazovuta komanso zoyimitsidwa. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa ma aligorivimu zochita pa mlandu uliwonse.

denga la konkire

Zomangira zazikulu za mapanelo a LED ndi kuyimitsidwa, komwe kusintha kwa kutalika kumachitika. Nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi zosintha. Ngati sichoncho, mutha kugula ma pendants m’sitolo.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito:

1. Lembani chizindikiro padenga.
2. Konzani gululi ndi zinthu zomaliza. Kuti muyike zidazo pamtunda womwe mukufuna, gwiritsani ntchito linings – matabwa kapena pulasitiki.
3. Gwirizanitsani ma hanger ndi zomangira zodziwombera – zidutswa zitatu pa chilichonse.
4. Gwirizanitsani gululo ku chingwe pogwiritsa ntchito mabatani (iwo amawotcherera pamakona). Dulani chingwe mwa iwo ndikuchitchinjiriza ndi clamp.

Mukhozanso kugula ngodya zachitsulo – zomangira. Ikani zidutswa zinayi padenga (molingana ndi zolembera) ndi pamakona a gululo. Amangirizeni ndi zomangira, monga zikuwonekera pachithunzichi:

Sankhani kukula kwa ngodya poganizira mtunda pakati pa denga ndi nyali.

Zomangamanga mu drywall

Magetsi a LED amapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi denga. Palibe chifukwa chodula chilichonse pa drywall. Njira yabwino ndikuyika pamunsi pamwamba.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito:

1. Dziwani komwe mungalumikizane ndi mapanelo.
2. Ikani mbiri zachitsulo – zapansi.
3. Gwirizanitsani zojambulazo mofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira padenga la konkriti.

Kuyika mu denga lotambasula

Makanema a LED amayikidwa mu denga lotambasula m’njira ziwiri – ndi mabatani okwera pa akasupe kapena pazingwe zoyimitsidwa (monga padenga la konkire). Ganizirani zokweza ndi mabulaketi.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito:

1. Masula zomangira pa gulu.
2. Ikani bulaketi pa kasupe ndikupukuta wononga pamalo ake.
3. Mangani bulaketi ku gulu ndi zomangira zonse 4.
4. Lumikizani dalaivala ku gulu la LED.
5. Dulani chinsalu (pansi pa mabowo) ndikuchidula.
6. Pindani tatifupi, amaika gulu mu odulidwa dzenje ndi kukonza izo.

Kanema wokhudza kukhazikitsa mapanelo a LED padenga lotambasula:

Momwe mungalumikizire mapanelo angapo a LED?

Mwa kulumikiza mapanelo angapo a LED wina ndi mzake, ndizotheka kuwongolera kuwongolera kowala, popeza nyali zonse zimayendetsedwa kuchokera kugwero lomwelo. Kuphatikiza kwina ndikusunga ndalama chifukwa chosowa zida zowonjezera.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito:

1. Sankhani pa chiwerengero cha mapanelo a LED.
2. Werengani mphamvu zawo zonse.
3. Gulani nambala yofunikira ya mawaya – kuti mugwirizane ndi thiransifoma.
4. Sankhani magetsi. Kotero kuti mphamvu yake ikufanana ndi chizindikiro chonse cha nyali zonse kuphatikizapo 20%.
5. Lumikizani zida zonse molingana ndi chiwembu chopangidwa ndi malamulo oyendetsera ntchito zamagetsi.
6. Yatsani mphamvu ndikuwona ngati dongosolo likugwira ntchito bwino.

Sikuti nthawi zonse mapanelo a LED amafunika kuyikidwa padenga. Mapanelo angapo amatha kukhazikitsidwa ngati zowunikira zowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, pamwamba pa tebulo lodyera kapena lantchito.

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa mapanelo a LED pakuwunikira chipinda?

Mtengo wa kuwala kowala kwa chipinda chopatsidwa amawerengedwa ndi chilinganizo X*Y*Z, pamene:

• X ndiye mulingo wowunikira mu Lux (Lx);
• Y ndi malo a chipinda (sq. m);
• Z ndi coefficient malinga ndi kutalika kwa denga.

Z mtengo:

• mpaka 2.7 m = 1;
• kuchokera 2.7 mpaka 3 m = 1.2;
• kuchokera 3 mpaka 3.5 m = 1.5;
• kuchokera 3.5 mpaka 5.5 m = 2.

Miyezo yowunikira imatha kuwoneka patebulo:

Zolakwa Zofanana

Posinthira kuyatsa kwa LED, ogula ambiri amalakwitsa mosiyanasiyana. Izi zimabweretsa ndalama zosafunikira ndipo sizikwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna.

Zolakwika zenizeni:

• Kutentha kwamtundu kolakwika kwasankhidwa. Kwa maofesi, ndi bwino kusankha “kuzizira” kuwala (kuchokera 5,000 K). Zimalimbikitsa ubongo. Kwa malo okhalamo, gulani nyali zokhala ndi kuwala “kotentha” (2,700-3,500 K). Imathetsa kupsinjika, imapanga mpweya wabwino.
• Kulumikizana kolakwika. Zolakwika pakulumikiza ma netiweki ndi zida zowonjezera zimayambitsa kuthwanima, kulira ndi zovuta zina. Ngati nyali zazimitsidwa, waya wosalowerera sangakhale wokhazikika, kapena kukana kwapansi kungakhale kokwera kwambiri.
• Kutaya kutentha kosakwanira. Kutentha kwakukulu kudzafupikitsa moyo wautumiki. Zifukwa ndi magalasi a pulasitiki a radiator pa nyali zamphamvu, mpweya wosakwanira komanso kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya m’chipindamo.
• Khulupirirani molingana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa. Opanga ambiri, pofuna kukopa ogula, amaganizira kwambiri za zinthu. Zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi pamene nyali imatchulidwa kuti ili ndi mphamvu yokulirapo. Gulani mapanelo okhala ndi malo osungira mphamvu – 20-30 peresenti.
• Kugula mapanelo otsika mtengo kwambiri. Osati kokha ntchito yoyenera ya chipangizocho, komanso moyo wake wautumiki umadalira ubwino wa ma LED ndi zigawo zake. Pogula mapanelo otsika mtengo a LED, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chogula zinthu zomwe zingalephereke mwachangu.

Chidule cha zitsanzo zotchuka

Opanga amapereka mapanelo a LED amitundu ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, amasiyana mawonekedwe ndi luso.

Makanema otchuka a LED:

• IEK DVO 1610. Gulu lozungulira lokhala ndi chivundikiro cha pulasitiki ndi zopangira zitsulo. kutalika – 295 mm. Mtundu – ozizira, mphamvu – 24 Watts. Dziko lochokera ku China. Mtengo – 1950 rubles.
• Wolta PRO Office yokhala ndi BAP Matt DV001-36-041-5K. Universal square panel. Thupilo limapangidwa ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya diffuser – microprismatic ndi matte. Dziko lochokera – Russia. Mtengo – 8500 rubles.
• Uniel ULP-18120, 36W/3950K/EMG, IP40. Pamwamba pake pamakona anayi okhala ndi mthunzi wa acrylic. Dziko lochokera – Russia. Kuwala kowala – 5 250 Lm. Mphamvu – 42 Watts. Mtengo – 11,050 rubles.
• LEDELL L – Sukulu 55/32-48/D/5. Denga la rectangular lokhala ndi kuwala koyera kwachilengedwe. Moyo wautumiki – maola 100,000. Plafond yopangidwa ndi polycarbonate. Dziko lochokera – Russia. Mtengo – 9100 rubles.
• Philips DN027B G2 LED9/NW L125. Chipinda chozungulira chokhala ndi zopangira ndi mthunzi wapulasitiki. Kutentha kwamtundu – 4000 K. Mphamvu – 10 Watts. Dziko lochokera ku China. mtengo – 500 rubles.

Makanema a LED ali ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zowunikira zachikhalidwe. Tekinoloje zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zimathandizira kupeza kuwala kwamphamvu komanso kotsika mtengo. Makanema a LED mkati mwamtundu uliwonse amawoneka okongola komanso amakono, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuli konsekonse – ndi oyenera zipinda zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.