Makhalidwe a zowunikira zowonjezedwanso za LED, ndi kusankha kwawo

Kuwala kwa LED komwe kungathe kuwonjezeredwa ndi chida chowunikira chosunthika chomwe chimakhala chothandiza munthawi zosiyanasiyana. Zipangizo ndizoyenera nyumba ndi kanyumba ka chilimwe, zothandiza pa malo omanga, kumanga msasa ndi kusodza. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, iwo ali odziyimira pawokha, sadalira maukonde ndikubwezeretsanso mphamvu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zowunikira zowonjezeredwa za LED

Posankha kuwala kwa LED kuti aunikire malo enaake, ndikofunika kuunikiratu ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chipangizo chounikira ichi.

Zabwino:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zachuma. Matekinoloje a LED ndi azachuma pakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi magwero ena owunikira, nyali za LED zimawotcha dongosolo lowala kwambiri.
• Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza. Nyali za LED zimapangidwira kuti zizigwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa maola 30-50 zikwi. Poyerekeza, nyali za incandescent zimakhala ndi gwero la maola 1,000, nyali za fulorosenti – maola 10 zikwi.
• Mitundu yambiri yamitundu. Kutentha kwamtundu wa kuunikira kumakhudza chitonthozo ndi kulondola kwa mtundu wa kupereka kwa zinthu zozungulira. Pogula kuwala kwa LED, ndizotheka kusankha njira yomwe imatulutsa kuwala kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• Kugonjetsedwa ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Zowala za LED ndizodzidzimutsa komanso zosagwedezeka, zimatha kugwira ntchito m’malo osiyanasiyana komanso kutentha kwakukulu – kuchokera -40 mpaka +40 ° C. Amalimbananso ndi nyengo yoipa – mphepo, mvula, matalala.
• Osatenthetsa. Kuwala kwa LED sikufuna kuzizira kwapadera, chifukwa ma LED satenthetsa.
• Kachitidwe. N’zotheka kupanga kuwala kolunjika. Izi zimathandiza kuwunikira kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa malo operekedwa. Ndizotheka kukhazikitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zodzichitira, mwachitsanzo, masensa opepuka komanso oyenda – amalola kuti zowunikira zizigwira ntchito modzidzimutsa.

Zochepa:

• Pali magetsi. Chosinthira magetsi chimachulukitsa pang’ono kukula kwa kuwala, poyerekeza ndi ma analogue.
• Kukonza zovuta. Ngati ma LED alephera, ndizovuta kwambiri kusintha nokha.
• Mtengo wapamwamba. Koma kuipa kumeneku ndikoposa kuchepetsedwa ndi moyo wautali wautumiki komanso kusowa kwa ndalama zosamalira.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mungasankhe posankha projekiti?

Pamsika, zowunikira za LED, monga zida zina zonse za LED, zimaperekedwa mosiyanasiyana. Popanda kumvetsetsa makhalidwe, n’zovuta kusankha chitsanzo mulingo woyenera. Pansipa pali njira zomwe ziyenera kutsogozedwa posankha zowunikira za LED.

Mphamvu ya kuwala kowala

Izi zimatsimikizira kuwala kwa kuwala kwa LED ndikuyezedwa mu lumens. Nthawi zonse zimasonyezedwa mu pepala lachidziwitso cha mankhwala. Kuwala kwa chinthucho kumadalira.

Ubwino wa kuyatsa, kuwonjezera pa mphamvu ya kuwala kowala, umakhudzidwanso ndi:

• lalikulu;
• kutalika kwa mtengo;
• mtunda wopita ku chinthucho.

Kuti musankhe chowunikira ndi mphamvu yotulutsa kuwala, mutha kuwerengera molingana ndi fomula F = E * S, pomwe:

• F ndiye kuwala kowala kowala, lumens;
• E ndi kuunikira kwa chinthu, lux;
• S ndi dera la chinthucho, sq. m.

Mphamvu

Amayezedwa ndi ma watts (W) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zamagetsi. Kutsika kwa mphamvu ya chipangizocho, kutsika mtengo ntchito yake. Komabe, kuwala kumadalira mphamvu, pamwamba pake, kuwala kowala kwambiri.

Table: Momwe kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi kwa floodlight kumatsimikizira kuyenerera kwake kuthetsa ntchitozo:

Gome lomwe lili pamwambali ndiloyenera kokha pakusefukira kwa LED-spotlights, kwa nyali zamtundu wina, kudalira ndikosiyana kotheratu.

Gawo lowunikira

Kuchuluka kwa kuwala kochokera ku chipangizochi kumadalira pazigawozi. Zimadalira kwambiri mapangidwe ndi cholinga cha zowunikira.

Kutengera gawo lowunikira (ngodya yolimba), mitundu yowunikirayi imasiyanitsidwa:

• Kutali. Zida izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yayikulu, koma zimakhala ndi kuwala kocheperako – pafupifupi 10-20 °. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira malowo kuchokera patali.
• kusefukira. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa zowunikira. Pali mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, ndi gawo lalikulu la zowunikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira malo ndi nyumba, malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto, malo omanga ndi misewu.
• Mawu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsatiridwa kwambiri ndi mphamvu zochepa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira zinthu zing’onozing’ono zomwe ziyenera kutsindika.

Moyo wonse

Moyo wautumiki wa ma LED, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya nyali, ndi yaitali kwambiri – maola 50 kapena kuposerapo. Pogwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa kuwala kopangidwa ndi nyali za LED kumachepa pang’onopang’ono. Kumapeto kwa kuzungulira kwa moyo, mphamvu yowala imakhala yocheperapo theka la mtengo woyambirira.

Kuti athetse kusamvana pakugwira ntchito koyenera kwa nyali za LED, mawu akuti “moyo wabwino” adayambitsidwa. Khalidweli limayesedwa ndi maola. Mwachitsanzo, kuyika chizindikiro L70 kumatanthauza kuti pa moyo wautumiki wolengezedwa, nyaliyo idzakhala ndi kuwala kwa osachepera 70% ya mtengo wake.

Pogula kuwala kwa LED, amatsogoleredwa ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito, osati ndi zonse. Muyeneranso kulabadira chitsimikizo. Ngati wopanga akuwonetsa moyo wautumiki (komanso kwamakampani okayikitsa zitha kuwonetsedwa motalika), ndibwino kuti musatenge zinthu zake.

Gulu la chitetezo

Nyali, ngakhale m’nyumba, zimakhudzidwa ndi zovuta zachilengedwe – fumbi kapena condensate zimakhazikika pa iwo, kutentha kumatha kusintha kwambiri. Zowunikira zomwe zili mumsewu, kuwonjezera apo, zimakumana ndi mphepo, matalala, mvula, chisanu.

Kutalika ndi mtundu wa magwiridwe antchito a nyali za LED zimadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ku chilengedwe. Chizindikiro ichi chimadziwika ndi zilembo za IP ndi manambala. Yoyamba ikufotokoza mlingo wa chitetezo ku tinthu zolimba, chachiwiri – kuchokera kumadzi. Mtengo wokulirapo, chitetezo cha chidacho chimakhala bwino.

Sikoyenera kuyika kuwala kwamadzi okhala ndi gulu lachitetezo chocheperako kuposa IP54 panja – imasiya kugwira ntchito itatha mvula yoyamba, ndipo pakatha milungu ingapo fumbi lidzagona pa zowunikira zake.

Zida zapanyumba

M’misewu, pamene kuwala kumakhudzidwa nthawi zonse ndi chilengedwe – mphepo, kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha ndi chisanu, pulasitiki iliyonse idzawotcha mwamsanga ndikutaya katundu wake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zowunikira zabwino zimakhala ndi thupi lachitsulo. Ma analogue opangidwa ndi pulasitiki adzagwiranso ntchito, koma mocheperapo.

Ma LED amafunikira kutentha koyenera. Chophimba chachitsulo chingathe kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mawanga apulasitiki pansi pa awnings, pa zinthu zotsekedwa kapena zotsekedwa kwathunthu.

Zowunikira zokhala ndi thupi lapulasitiki ndizotsika mtengo kuposa zida zachitsulo. Mu zitsanzo zokhala ndi zotulutsa mphamvu zochepa, vuto la kuchotsa kutentha limathetsedwa mwa kukhazikitsa radiator yachitsulo yomangidwa.

Zowonjezera magwiridwe antchito

Muzinthu zambiri zowunikira, kuphatikiza zowunikira, mayunitsi owonjezera nthawi zambiri amayikidwa omwe amakulitsa magwiridwe antchito ndi kukula kwawo.

Zitsanzo za ntchito zowonjezera:

• Sensor yopepuka – imangoyatsa chipangizocho madzulo ndikuzimitsa m’bandakucha. Imapulumutsa eni ake ku kuyatsa ndi kuzimitsa kwatsiku ndi tsiku ndikusunga magetsi.
• Zomverera zoyenda – zida zomwe zili ndi iwo zimayatsa pokhapokha chinthu chosuntha chikuwoneka m’malo owongolera.

Chakudya

Zowunikira zambiri zoyima paokha zimagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa lithiamu-ion, womwe walowa m’malo mwa mabatire a acid-lead ndipo safuna kukonza nthawi zonse.

Chowunikira chowonjezera cha LED chimayendetsedwa ndi batri yake, yomwe imapangitsa kuti kuwala kukhale kodziyimira pawokha, osadalira magetsi. Dzuwa limabwezeretsa batire masana, zomwe zimadyetsa chipangizocho pakada mdima.

Magetsi ambiri osayima okha ali ndi dalaivala wawo wa netiweki – amangofunika kulumikizidwa mumagetsi. Koma pali zowunikira zomwe zimafuna magetsi otsika – kuyambira 12 mpaka 60 V. Izi zidzafunika magetsi owonjezera.

Chiwerengero cha ma LED

Pakadali pano, palibe lingaliro losakayikira lomwe kuwala kwa LED kuli bwino – ndi ma LED amodzi kapena angapo. Njira yoyamba, mwachidziwitso, ndiyodalirika, koma ili ndi mphamvu yaing’ono – ma watts ochepa chabe, palibenso (ma diode amphamvu salipo).

Ngati pali ma LED ambiri pamawonekedwe, ndiye kuti miyeso yake imachulukitsidwa, ndipo mbali yobalalika yowala imakonzedwa mwa iwo pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi ndi zowunikira. Zonsezi zimawonjezera mtengo.

Matrices okhala ndi ma diode ambiri omwe alibe milandu tsopano ndi ofala. Ma midadada yotere ndi ophatikizika ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu yoyezera ma watts mazana. Koma matrices oterowo ali ndi minus – sangathe kukonzedwa. Ngati LED imodzi ikulephera, gawo lonse liyenera kutayidwa.

Wopanga

Nthawi zambiri zimatengera kusankha kwa wopanga momwe pulojekiti yogulidwa idzayenderana ndi magawo omwe alengezedwa. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, khalidwe ndi kulimba kwa chipangizo cha LED kumadalira wopanga.

Zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira posankha malo owunikira:

• Zogulitsa zochokera kumakampani a Noname ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri. Koma amawala kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kumagulu otsika, kotero amatha kutentha mwezi umodzi kapena sabata.
• Zowunikira zochokera kwa opanga otsogola nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera mtengo. Muyenera kulipira zowonjezera pamtundu. Mudzalipira kwambiri ngati mutagula zinthu za “njati” monga Philips kapena Hyunday. Zogulitsa zawo ndi zapamwamba komanso zolimba, koma zimakhalanso zodula kwambiri.
• Ndi bwino kusankha “golide amatanthauza”. Zogulitsa kuchokera kwa opanga osadziwika. Mwachitsanzo, Jazzway, Feron kapena Luna. Zowunikira zawo ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa makampani otsogola, pomwe akhala pamsika kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo mtundu wawo ndi wabwino.

Kuwerengera kowunikira kutengera zowunikira za LED

Kuti muwerengere kuyatsa, mosasamala kanthu komwe kuwalako kudzayikidwe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuwunikira kwa gawolo, ndikuligawa m’magawo.

Kuyika malowa ndikofunikira kuti muwone kuthekera kwa makina omwe amayang’anira zowunikira za LED:

• phatikizani pantchito ndikuyamba mdima zowunikira zomwe zimawunikira msewu, zimawunikira nyumba ndi zomangamanga;
• kuyatsa zowunikira pamene zinthu zosuntha zimalowa m’malo awo olamulira – izi zimagwira ntchito pamapazi, ma verandas, gazebos, ndi madera ena oyandikana nawo.

Kuwerengera kwa kuyatsa kumachitika pamaziko a zowunikira zenizeni, zomwe zimapezeka m’mabuku apadera ofotokozera za bungwe la kuunikira kochita kupanga.

Mphamvu zenizeni zimasankhidwa ku chipinda china kapena malo akunja. Podziwa, mukhoza kuwerengera molingana ndi chilinganizo: F \u003d E * S * Kz, kumene:

• F ndiye mulingo wofunikira wowunikira;
• E – kuwunikira kwapadera;
• S ndi gawo la zowunikira;
• Kz – Chitetezo cha LED.

Kuwala kulikonse, kuphatikiza kuwala kwa LED, kumakhala ndi luso linalake – mwachitsanzo, mphamvu (W), kuwala kowala (Lumens). Zonsezi zikuwonetsedwa muzolemba zamakono zomwe zimatsagana ndi chipangizocho.

1 Lumen \u003d 1 Lux, momwe kuunikira kumayesedwa. Popeza kuwerengetsera yotsirizira, molingana ndi chilinganizo pamwamba, ndi kudziwa flux wowala wa umodzi LED kuwala, kudziwa chiwerengero chofunika iwo. Ndikofunikira kugawa mtengo womwe wapezeka F ndi kuwala kowala kwa chipangizo chimodzi.

Ngati chotsatira chomaliza sichili chonse, ndiye kuti chimasonkhanitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mu mawerengedwe 15.4, kutanthauza kuti muyenera kutenga nambala 16.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowunikira yokhala ndi zowunikira za LED

Zowunikira zowonjezedwanso za LED, monga ma mains-powered anzawo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuunikira madera osiyanasiyana.

Kwa bwalo lamasewera

Bwalo lamasewera limatha kupezeka mumsewu komanso mkati mwa nyumba, kotero kusankha kowunikira kumapangidwa poganizira momwe ntchito yake imagwirira ntchito. Kupanda kutero, kusankha sikusiyana ndi kusankha kwa zida zina zowunikira ndipo kumachitika molingana ndi njira zovomerezeka.

Zofunikira pakuwunikira pamasewera:

• Kuwala pabwalo lamasewera kuyenera kukhala komasuka kwa omwe akuchita nawo masewera komanso kwa omwe amawonera – osati kuchititsa khungu othamanga ndi owonera.
• Kuunikira kuyenera kukhala kofanana, kusefukira m’dera lonselo.

Kawirikawiri, ngati tikukamba za masewera owunikira masewera, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi kuwala kodziyimira pawokha ndi woyenera malo otseguka, chifukwa adzawonjezeredwa popanda kuthandizidwa ndi anthu – kuchokera ku mphamvu ya dzuwa.

za garaja

Galaji imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zowunikira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zowunikiranso. Koma tisaiwale kuti apa iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi batire mlandu – palibe recharge chowunikira chodziyimira payokha mu garaja.

Kuwerengera kwa kuyatsa kwa garage kumachitika molingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambapa, pamene:

• kuyatsa kumapangidwa poganizira ntchito yomwe yachitika (mosiyana ndi malo oyimirira, dzenje loyang’anira, benchi, kukonza);
• chitetezo chamoto cha kuwala ndi kuthekera kwake kugwira ntchito pa kutentha kosiyana kumaganiziridwa.

Kuwunikira malo a garaja, nyali zofananira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo dzenje loyang’anira ndi benchi yogwirira ntchito zimawunikiridwa ndi zowunikira zomwe zimapanga kuwala kocheperako.

Zofunikira pakusankha zowunikira za garage:

• cholinga ndi mtundu wa ntchito;
• mphamvu, magetsi operekera ndi kuwala kowala;
• unsembe ndi kusalaza njira.

Kwa aquarium

Magetsi a LED atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira madzi am’madzi omwe ali mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumba. Amafunika, monga lamulo, pazotengera zazikulu ndi zakuya.

Palibe njira yapadera yowerengera kuyatsa kwamadzi am’madzi, koma, monga lamulo, 40 Lx (Lm) imatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Kwa am’madzi momwe algae okonda kuwala amamera – 60 Lx (lm).

Posankha kuwala kwa aquarium, samalani izi:

• momwe anthu okhala m’chidebe amagwirizanirana ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kotulutsidwa ndi kuwala;
• mlingo wa chitetezo chinyezi;
• njira yomanga.

TOP-5 zowunikira zowongolera za LED

Zowunikira zonse za LED, kuphatikiza zowonjezedwanso, sizowala kwambiri, komanso zimakhala nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zodziwika bwino zomwe zimakopa ogula ndi kudalirika kwawo, kulimba kowala, mtengo ndi mawonekedwe ena.

GAUSS yonyamula nyali 686400310

Iyi ndi projekiti yopepuka komanso yaying’ono. Ili ndi thupi lapulasitiki komanso chogwirira bwino, ndipo imalemera 0.46 kg yokha. Mutha kulipira foni yanu kuchokera ku tochi. Ndi yabwino kunyamula, kutenga nanu pa maulendo. Dziko lochokera: China. Mtengo: 2500 rubles.

Makhalidwe:

• Mphamvu: 10W
• Kuwala: 700 lm.
• Mlingo wachitetezo: IP44.
• Kutentha kwamtundu: 6 500 K.
• Moyo wautumiki: maola 25,000

Zabwino:

• kuwala kozizira kowala;
• zopepuka komanso zosavuta kunyamula;
• chogwirira bwino;
• pali doko la USB.

Choyipa chake ndi mphamvu yaying’ono ya batri.

Ritex LED-150

Kuwala kumeneku kumakhala ndi sensor yoyenda yomwe imatha kukhazikitsidwa nthawi yowala – kuyambira masekondi 5 mpaka 20. Palinso njira yachitetezo yokhala ndi zowunikira za 20-sekondi. Malo owunikira ndi pafupifupi 30 masikweya mita. m. Kulemera – 0,47 kg. Thupi zakuthupi – pulasitiki. Dziko lochokera: China. Mtengo: 1800 rubles.

Makhalidwe:

• Mphamvu: 4.5W
• Kuwala: 400 lm.
• Mlingo wachitetezo: IP44.
• Kutentha kwamtundu: 5 800 K.
• Moyo wautumiki: maola 20,000

Zabwino:

• moyo wautali wa batri;
• pali sensor yoyenda;
• njira zitatu zogwiritsira ntchito;
• mayendedwe oyenda amayendetsedwa;
• yabwino kusalaza.

Choyipa ndi mphamvu zochepa.

Chithunzi cha LL912

Kuwala kumeneku kumakhala ndi thupi la aluminiyamu komanso chitetezo chokwanira ku chilengedwe. Ili ndi choyimira chopindika ndi batri ya lithiamu-ion yomwe imapereka maola 6.5 ogwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza. kulemera kwake – 1.39 kg. Dziko lochokera: China. Mtengo: 5500 rubles.

Makhalidwe:

• Mphamvu: 20W.
• Kuwala: 1 600 lm.
• Mlingo wachitetezo: IP65.
• Kutentha kwamtundu: 6400K.
• Moyo wautumiki: maola 30,000

Zabwino:

• thupi lolemera kwambiri;
• 100% chitetezo ku fumbi ndi chinyezi;
• ntchito yayitali popanda intaneti;
• choyima chokhazikika.

Choyipa chake ndi moyo wautali wa batri.

Kuwala kwa Foton FL-LED LIGHT-PAD ACCU 50W

Kuwala kwamphamvu kosunthika kumeneku mumilandu yachitsulo ndikoyenera ziwembu zamunda, makampu, malo ogulitsa mafakitale. Pali choyimira chachitsulo chopindika chomwe chimatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa kuwala. Kuwala kumalemera 2.9 kg. Dziko lochokera: China. Mtengo: 3500 rubles.

Makhalidwe:

• Mphamvu: 50W.
• Kuwala: 4 250 lm.
• Mlingo wachitetezo: IP54.
• Kutentha kwamtundu: 4200K.
• Moyo wautumiki: maola 30,000

Zabwino:

• gwero lalikulu;
• mphamvu zazikulu;
• kukhalapo kwa choyimira;
• kuwala kwabwino ndi kubalalitsidwa.

Zolakwika:

• kulemera kwakukulu;
• Batire imodzi imatha maola 4 okha.

Tesla LP-1800Li

Kuwala mubokosi lapulasitiki ndikosavuta kunyamula ndi kunyamula. Pali mitundu itatu – kutali, pafupi, kung’anima kofiira. Imawunikira mpaka 50 sq. m. Kulemera – 0,67 kg. Dziko lochokera: China. Mtengo: 2000 rub.

Makhalidwe:

• Mphamvu: 20W.
• Kuwala: 1 800 lm.
• Mlingo wachitetezo: IP65.
• Kutentha kwamtundu: 4 500 K.
• Moyo wautumiki: maola 10,000

Zabwino:

• njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito;
• amapereka kuwala kowala;
• osawopa mvula;
• shockproof;
• pali banki yopangira mphamvu yopangira foni;
• mtengo wangwiro wa ndalama.

Zolakwika:

• mtengo wautali;
• palibe cholumikizira kupachika.

Kodi kuwala kwabwino kwa LED ndi kotani?

Kusankha chowunikira, monga chipangizo china chilichonse chaukadaulo, chiyenera kupangidwa poganizira ntchito zomwe zakhazikitsidwa. Kwa magetsi owunikira, choyamba, gawo la malo owunikiridwa / nyumbayo limaganiziridwa. Amakhulupirira kuti, pafupifupi, 25 sq. m ayenera kuwerengera 200 Watts.

Kuwunikira malo ang’onoang’ono, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zozungulira – ndizoyenera kupanga kuwala kolowera. Pakuwunikira kofananira kwa dera lalikulu, zowunikira makwerero ndizoyenera – zimapereka kuwala kosiyana.

Zowunikira zowonjezedwanso za LED ndi njira ina yabwino kuposa yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi magetsi kapena jenereta. Zimathandiza makamaka pamene sizingatheke kukhazikitsa nyali zoyima kapena ndizowopsa kuyala zingwe – pansi kapena mpweya.