Kodi nyali ya chimanga ndi chiyani ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pati?

Pali nyali zambiri pamsika wa zida zowunikira, zomwe ndizosavuta kuzindikira mtundu womwe umatchedwa “chimanga. Babu lachilendoli lalandira ndemanga zosakanikirana kuchokera kwa ogula ndi akatswiri. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zida zake ndi zomwe zili zoyenera kugula.

Zojambulajambula, chithunzi cha chipangizo

“Chimanga” chimatchedwa nyali ya LED, yomwe imawoneka ngati cereal inflorescence (cob) ya chomera cha dzina lomwelo. Nyali yowunikira imakhala ndi katiriji kakang’ono ka oblong mpaka 9 cm kutalika, pambali pake pali mizere ya ma LED achikasu. Zojambulajambula:

• chifukwa cha chisokonezo cha ma LED, kuwala kumabalalika mbali zonse;
• Ma LED ali pa mbale, zitsulo kapena textolite;
• mkati mwa nyali pali dalaivala yemwe amadyetsa ma LED ndi zamakono;
• Palibe diffuser mu nyali.

Pali zinthu zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi dera la nyali:

• C1 – kuzimitsa capacitor;
• C2 – fyuluta capacitor;
• mlatho wa diode (voltage rectifier).

Mapangidwe a “chimanga” amakulolani kuti musagwiritse ntchito m’nyumba, komanso m’misewu.

M’zipinda za ana, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za “chimanga” ndi kutentha kwa incandescent osapitirira 3,000 K.

Zofotokozera

“Chimanga” chili ndi ma SMD 5630/5730 ma LED. Opanga omwe akhala akupanga nyali zotere kwa zaka zambiri amayika ma diode 0,5 W mmenemo. Mitundu yaku China imagwiritsa ntchito mababu amphamvu ochepa. Zofotokozera:

• kutentha kwa incandescent – 3,000-4,000 Kelvin;
• maziko – screw;
• kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu – 3-30 W;
• kuwala kowala – 250-2500 Lm (pafupifupi 100 Lm pa 1 W);
• mphamvu yamagetsi – 220 V;
• moyo utumiki – 100,000 maola;
• kutentha kwa ntchito – kuchokera -40 mpaka +50 madigiri;
• Kulemera ndi miyeso ya mankhwala aliyense payekha.

Kugwiritsa ntchito

“Chimanga” chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira malo okhala ndi maofesi, masitolo, salons, malo a anthu. Ambiri ntchito zitsanzo ndi socles E14, E27 ndi E40 ndi 40-70 LEDs. Kukula kwa nyali za “chimanga” makamaka kumadalira maziko. Pali mitundu itatu ya izo:

• E14. Masiku ano, nyali zambiri ndi nyali zimapangidwira mababu ounikira okhala ndi mainchesi a mita 14. “Chimanga” cha E14 ndi choyenera kwa iwo. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya 9W. Ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza analogue ya E14 pakati pa mababu ochiritsira a LED. Nyali zokhala ndi mphamvu ya 5-6 W zimapereka kuwala kwa 500 lm ndipo sangathe kuunikira chipindacho ndipamwamba kwambiri.
• E27. Nyali zokhala ndi maziko okhazikika, zimatha kuwongoleredwa m’malo mwa nyali za incandescent. Kuwala kowala kumachepera pafupifupi 30% m’zaka ziwiri.
• E40. Nyali zokhala ndi mainchesi 40 mm zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwunikira mumsewu. Amakhala nthawi zinayi kuposa anzawo a sodium, safuna zida zowonjezera, kupatula dalaivala, yemwe wamangidwa kale mu nyali.

Mitundu

Opanga amapanga mitundu ingapo ya nyali za LED monga “chimanga”. Amasiyana ndi mapangidwe, zipangizo, mphamvu za LED, maonekedwe ndi zina. Mtundu uliwonse wa nyali uli ndi makhalidwe ake, mtengo, ubwino ndi kuipa.

Classic wamkulu

Awa ndi nyali zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma diode a SMD 5630, 5730, 5050 okhala ndi mphamvu ya 0.15 W. Iwo ali ndi maziko muyezo – E14, E27, E40, chiwerengero cha ma LED ndi 24-165.

Nyali zazikulu zachikale zimawonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino okhala ndi utoto wapamwamba kwambiri komanso kutulutsa kowala kowala.

Makhalidwe a nyali za classic:

• Nyali zamtengo wapatali zochokera kwa opanga odziwika bwino zimagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso bwino.
• Nyali zambiri zaku China zimagwiritsa ntchito ma LED ocheperako kuposa otsatsa.
• Mukagula nyali yotsika kwambiri kuchokera kwa wopanga odziwika pang’ono, mutha kukumana ndi kuthwanima kapena kusatulutsa bwino kwa kuwala. Koma ngakhale mu nkhani iyi, mukhoza kukonza zinthu. Amisiri amakonza nyali powonjezera zinthu zina m’mabwalo awo.
• M’kupita kwa nthawi, kuwala kumachepa, ndipo nyumba ya pulasitiki imakhala yachikasu.
• Ma LED amapezeka pazitsulo zazitsulo zokha.

Mphamvu ya nyali yapamwamba ya “chimanga” ndiyosavuta kuwerengera nokha. Kuti muchite izi, chulukitsani ma diode ndi 0.15 (mphamvu ya LED).

Yaing’ono yokhala ndi botolo

Nyali zazing’onozi zimagwiritsa ntchito SMD 5630, 5730, 5050 low power diode (0.08 W). Zogulitsa zimawoneka zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino – izi zimatheka chifukwa cha botolo, atavekedwa pa cartridge yokhala ndi mababu.

Zitsanzo za kalasi iyi sizimayesedwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri ndi ogula. Nyali zokhala ndi ma flasks zimakhala ndi zolakwika zambiri zamapangidwe.

Makhalidwe a nyale okhala ndi flasks:

• Babulo limalepheretsa kutentha kuchotsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyaliyo itenthe kwambiri.
• Ma LED samamangiriridwa ku chitsulo, koma ku mbale za textolite, zomwe zimasokoneza kutentha kwa kutentha. Pali nthawi zina pamene textolite imawotcha.
• Pafupifupi theka la ma LED amalephera pakatha mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri yogwira ntchito.

Makhalidwe olengezedwa a nyali zotere nthawi zambiri amakokomeza ndipo sagwirizana ndi zenizeni. Mwachitsanzo, zitsanzo za 20 V muzochita zimasonyeza 6 Watts. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zochepa za ma LED, kuwala kwa nyali zotere kumakhala kochepa kuposa momwe analonjezedwa – pafupifupi 100 lm.

Pa COB LEDs

COB (chip pa bolodi) – mtundu watsopano wa ma LED, omwe ndi mtundu wa makhiristo owala kwambiri. Nyali zokhala ndi ma diode oterowo zimawonekera bwino komanso zimawoneka bwino mkati mwamakono. Nyali imagwiritsa ntchito ma LED akuluakulu a COB, kotero palibe ambiri – zidutswa 6-12. Kunja, zitsanzo zotere sizikuwonekanso ngati zipsera za chimanga. Ubwino waukulu wa zitsanzo zotere ndi kubereka kwamtundu wapamwamba komanso kuwala kowala. Ma mbale mmenemo ndi zitsulo, osati textolite, monga mu nyali ndi babu.

Nyali pa COB-LED zimasonyeza ntchito yodalirika komanso yapamwamba, koma, mosiyana ndi “chimanga” chapamwamba, sichikhoza kukonzedwa.

Nyaliyo ikaduka, iyenera kutayidwa. Choyipa china ndi kukwera mtengo.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwake

“Chimanga” sichidziwika ngati nyali wamba za LED. Izi ndi chifukwa cha khalidwe losamveka bwino la nyali ndi ndemanga zambiri zoipa. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa makamaka ku China. Makampani aku Europe sapanga nyale zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi chitetezo. Ngakhale pali zolakwika zomwe zilipo, nyali za “chimanga” zimapezabe ogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa ali ndi zabwino zambiri:

• Kuwala kwakukulu . “Chimanga” chimawala nthawi zosachepera khumi kuposa nyali wamba ya incandescent. Nyali ya 10 watt ya LED ikufanana ndi 100 watt incandescent babu.
• Moyo wautali wautumiki . Opanga amalonjeza kuti “chimanga” amatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa zaka 10 kapena kuposerapo. Poganizira kuti chipangizocho sichimatsegulidwa nthawi zonse, ndizomveka kuwerengera zaka 20-30 za utumiki.
• Imapirira kutentha kwambiri . Nyali zimatha kugwira ntchito mu chisanu choopsa komanso kutentha kwambiri, choncho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powunikira mumsewu.
• Mutha kuwona kuchuluka kwa ma LED omwe ali mu nyali . Ndi kuchuluka kwa mizere ndi ma diode, munthu akhoza kuweruza mphamvu ndi kuwala kowala.
• Osafunikira botolo lachisanu . Ma LED amapangidwa mozungulira ndipo sangawonekere nthawi imodzi. Choncho, “chimanga”, mosiyana ndi nyali wamba, si dazzle. Mukayika botolo, kuwala kwa kuwala kumachepetsedwa ndi 20-50%.
• Palibe chifukwa cha ma diffuser . Ma LED omwe ali mkati mwa cartridge okha amawala mbali zonse.
• Zosavuta kukonza . ma diode amalumikizidwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza disassemble ndi kukonza nyali.
• Kusowa kwa radiator yozizira . Izi zimachepetsa mtengo wazinthu.

Malamulo otetezera moto amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali popanda mababu, kotero ogwira ntchito ogwira nawo ntchito angapereke madandaulo a “chimanga” chogwiritsidwa ntchito m’malo a anthu.

Kuipa kwa nyali za LED zamtunduwu:

• mtengo wapamwamba;
• kutentha kwakukulu kwa incandescent;
• akhoza kutenthedwa;
• pamene amagwira ntchito, sagwira ntchito bwino;
• pali otsegula olumikizana omwe amapatsidwa mphamvu;
• zizindikiro zamakono zomwe zalengezedwa sizikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro zenizeni;
• kuti nyali zigwire ntchito modalirika pa intaneti ya 220 V, ndikofunikira kugulitsa capacitor yowonjezera;
• osapirira kusinthasintha kwamagetsi pamanetiweki, kuwala kwa kuwala kumasintha.

Ngakhale voteji pamalumikizidwe otseguka ndi otsika, njira zopewera chitetezo ziyenera kuwonedwa mukamayatsa / kuzimitsa nyali. Nyali ikakulungidwa mu chotengera, imayamba kuyatsa pang’ono, pokhudzana ndi thupi.

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa incandescent kumakhudza kwambiri maso. Kuti muchepetse kuvulaza, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha nyali zokhala ndi kutentha kochepa.

Mawonekedwe a ntchito ya nyali pa ma LED monga “chimanga” makamaka zimadalira mapangidwe awo. Mitundu yodalirika komanso yowoneka bwino ili mu mtundu wakale komanso pa COB LED. Iwo ndi achuma, odalirika komanso ali ndi maonekedwe okongola.