Makhalidwe ndi kukhazikitsa kwa magetsi a mumsewu a LED

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Magetsi a mumsewu wa LED ndi zipangizo zachuma zomwe sizimagwira ntchito yowunikira, komanso yokongoletsera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira madera akuluakulu ndi ang’onoang’ono, kupanga kuwala kosiyana ndi kuwala kolowera. Pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana pamsika, kudziwa mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe awo kukuthandizani kusankha tochi yoyenera.

Kodi magetsi amsewu a LED ndi chiyani?

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito nyali za mumsewu za LED zimachokera ku kutuluka kwa mafunde a kuwala. Nthawi zambiri amayikidwa muzitsulo zolimba za aluminiyamu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira malo osiyanasiyana – misewu, makonde, minda, mapaki, malo ochitira masewera.

Kuwala kwa msewu

Mawonekedwe a magetsi a msewu wa LED:

  • Choyamba. Ma LED ndi zinthu za semiconductor momwe magetsi akudutsa mu kristalo amasinthidwa kukhala kuwala kowala. Kukula kwa ma LED ndi ochepa kwambiri – pafupifupi 0.5 cm m’mimba mwake. Popeza nyali za mumsewu zimayenera kupereka kuwala kwamphamvu komanso kowala, amagwiritsa ntchito nyali zokhala ndi matabwa angapo a LED.
  • Chachiwiri. Kulimbitsa mphamvu ndi kuwala kumatheka poika ma lens optical. Iwo, poyang’ana kuwala kochokera ku makhiristo ambiri, amawapatsa mawonekedwe ofunikira.
  • Chachitatu. Thupi la nyali ya mumsewu liyenera kupereka chitetezo kuzinthu zoyipa zachilengedwe – mphepo, mvula, fumbi, chifukwa chake, muzinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, zimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, yomwe imalimbana ndi dzimbiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za LED mumsewu

Nyali zakunja za LED zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zothandizira komanso eni nyumba zapagulu.

Zosankha zogwiritsira ntchito magetsi a mumsewu a LED:

  • Kuwunikira kwachigumula – kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba zazikulu, komwe kumafunika kuti musawonetsere zinthu zaumwini, koma kutsindika chithunzi chonse chonse.
  • Kuunikira kwa malo – komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito panyumba zamitundu yambiri komanso m’nyumba zapayekha, kumaphatikizapo kuyika mawu omveka pazinthu zazikulu zanyumbayo.
  • Kuunikira kwamalo – komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira mapaki, minda, mabwalo. Njira yosavuta ndiyo mizere ya LED yopachikidwa pamitengo yamitengo.
  • Kuunikira kwa misewu ndi misewu ikuluikulu sikunafalikirebe m’dzikolo, chifukwa kumafuna kusinthidwa kwathunthu kwa nyali zonse pamtunda umodzi.

Mitundu yayikulu ya nyali za mseu za LED

Magetsi apamsewu amasiyana osati ndi mawonekedwe aukadaulo, komanso mtundu wa kukhazikitsa. Kusankhidwa kwa mapangidwe kumadalira mikhalidwe yeniyeni ndi ntchito zomwe zimaperekedwa kuunikira panja.

Mitundu yamagetsi owunikira mumsewu:

  • Console. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito powunikira kunja kwa nyumba, misewu, mapaki, malo oimikapo magalimoto. Nyali zimayikidwa pamabokosi (ma consoles) – pakhoma la nyumba, mpanda wa konkire, ndi zina zotero.
  • Paki. Sikuti amangowunikira gawo la mapaki, komanso ndi gawo la mapangidwe a malo. Nyalizi zimakhala ndi mapangidwe okongola komanso chitetezo chodalirika ku zotsatira zoipa za nyengo. Pali zotonthoza komanso zoyimitsidwa.
  • Pansi (pansi). Awa ndi mapanelo athyathyathya oyikidwa pansi. Zitha kukhazikitsidwa mwachindunji pansi, phula, konkire, masitepe. Pali zitsanzo zomangidwa komanso zosaphatikizidwa.
  • Zowunikira. Izi ndi mitundu yonyamula kapena yosavuta kukhazikitsa. Mosiyana ndi nyali wamba, nyali zamadzimadzi zimakhala ndi zotchingira m’mbali zomwe zimachepetsetsa kufalikira kwa kuwala kwa kuwala, kotero zimawunikira malo ena okha.
  • Zodziyimira pawokha. Makinawa safuna waya wokhazikika wamagetsi. Nyali zimayendetsedwa ndi solar panels zomwe zimalowetsa magetsi. Tekinoloje iyi tsopano ikuyambitsidwa mwachangu pamagetsi a “sukulu”, omwe amayikidwa pafupi ndi masukulu a ana.

Mawonekedwe amitundu yoyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa 

Magetsi onse oyendera dzuwa a mumsewu amagwira ntchito mofananamo – kuwala, kugwera pa photocell, kupanga magetsi. Kukakhala kuwala, sensa yowunikira imatseka gawo lamagetsi a gulu la LED, ndikuyamba kwa mdima, magetsi osungidwa amadyedwa pakuwunikira.

Mawonekedwe a magetsi amsewu oyendetsedwa ndi solar:

  • Kudziyimira pawokha – safuna mains ndi zowunikira zina zomwe zimayikidwa patsamba.
  • Mafoni – safuna kukonza zokhazikika, popeza palibe mawaya amagetsi.
  • Kuyika kosavuta – mutha kukhazikitsa magetsi odziyimira pawokha popanda kukhudzidwa ndi akatswiri.
  • Compactness – magetsi amatha kusunthidwa mosavuta kuchoka kumalo kupita kumalo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.
  • Kusintha kwa magawo – mutha kusintha nthawi ndi magawo a on-off mu auto mode.
  • Chitetezo – palibe zingwe zamagetsi ndi kugwirizana kwa magetsi, kotero kuopseza kwa magetsi mu nyali zoterezi sikuphatikizidwa.
  • Wide assortment . Mapangidwe osiyanasiyana amakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito nyali zoyima zokha za dzuwa ngati zinthu zokongoletsera.

Kuipa kwa nyali kumaphatikizapo kudalira kwa kuyatsa pa nyengo ndi kuchepa kwapang’onopang’ono kwa mphamvu ya batri.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwake

Magetsi a mumsewu a LED ali ndi mikhalidwe yonse yofunikira pa chipangizo chamakono chowunikira mumsewu.

Ubwino wa nyali za LED:

  • Kuwala bwino. Zimasangalatsa, sizimachititsa khungu ndipo sizikwiyitsa, sizimanjenjemera komanso sizizimiririka. Bwino kukhazikitsa m’njira. Thandizani kuyenda kwa madalaivala, musapange zovuta zowonjezera m’maso poyendetsa galimoto.
  • Zachuma. Kugwira ntchito popanda intaneti, magetsi a LED samakweza mizere ya netiweki ndikuwonetsa mphamvu zamagetsi, zomwe ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa zowunikira zakale.
  • Otetezeka komanso okonda zachilengedwe. Mapangidwewo alibe mankhwala oopsa – mercury, komanso zinthu zina zowopsa. Samatulutsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi infrared, ndi otetezeka kwa chilengedwe ndi anthu.
  • Chokhalitsa. Kutha kugwira ntchito popanda kuwonongeka ndikusintha mpaka zaka 15 zogwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza. Ngati nyali zikugwira ntchito mumdima, moyo wawo wautumiki umakula mpaka zaka 25. Kukhazikika uku sikungafanane ndi zinthu zowunikira zopikisana.
  • Chokhazikika komanso chodalirika. Mlandu wa tochi wokhala ndi nyali za LED uli ndi chitetezo chambiri kuzinthu zamakina ndi nyengo. Kutentha kogwira ntchito: -50…+50°C.
  • Iwo samanjenjemera. Kujambula kwamtundu wapamwamba kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza mithunzi yosiyana, kupanga kuwala komwe kumakhala bwino kwa diso la munthu.
  • Kukhazikika. Palibe kuyankha kusinthasintha kwamagetsi mu mains.
  • Zangotayidwa. Kusowa kwa zinthu zapoizoni kumakupatsani mwayi wotaya nyali zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi.
  • Kusavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa. Ndalama zolipirira zimachepetsedwa.
Nyali yamsewu ya Solar

Zochepa:

  • sensitivity kwa madontho apano;
  • chiopsezo cha kusintha kwa mawonekedwe chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali;
  • mtengo wokwera (koma moyo wautali wautumiki womwe sunachitikepo umathetsa vutoli).

Zoyenera kuyang’ana posankha?

Opanga amapereka mitundu yayikulu ya nyali zamsewu zomwe zimasiyana ndi mapangidwe, njira yoyika komanso mawonekedwe aukadaulo.

Musanagule nyali kuti ziunikire malo kapena munda, werengani mosamala mawonekedwe awo.

Zomwe mungasankhe m’nyumba yachilimwe?

Posankha magetsi a mumsewu m’nyumba yachilimwe kapena nyumba yamtunda, ganizirani za cholinga chomwe mukuwafunira. Ngati kokha kuunikira, mungagule zitsanzo zosavuta mu mawonekedwe, ngati komanso kukongola, sankhani mapangidwe omwe akugwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka malo ndi zomangamanga za nyumbayo.

Magetsi amakono apamsewu amachitidwa lero m’njira zosiyanasiyana:

  • zachikale;
  • zamakono;
  • pamwamba;
  • chatekinoloje yapamwamba.

Zowunikira mdziko muno ndi magetsi amsewu:

  • njira yopita ku nyumba;
  • masitepe ndi khonde;
  • dziwe lopangira kapena dziwe;
  • gazebo, etc.

Kuti muteteze kuyatsa, gwiritsani ntchito nyali zokhala ndi masensa oyenda – zimangogwira ntchito munthu akayandikira. Amene akufuna kubweretsa zamatsenga pamalowa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zokongoletsera zamitundu yambiri.

Momwe mungasankhire nyali yoyenera mzati?

Mitundu yoperekedwa ya nyali zamsewu imawonjezeka nthawi zonse. Kusankhidwa kwakukulu nthawi zambiri kumasokoneza wogula. Kuti mugule njira yabwino kwambiri, yesani molingana ndi magawo omwe ali pansipa.

Zomwe muyenera kuyang’ana posankha nyali yamtengo:

  • Kuwala. Zimatengera kuwala kowala kwa nyali yotsogolera , yomwe imayesedwa mu lumens. Kukwera mtengo, kuwala kumawalira.
  • Phindu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumadalira kuchuluka kwa ma watts. Zochepa W mu nyali, zimakhala zotsika mtengo.
  • Kutentha kwamtundu. Amayezedwa mu kelvins ndipo amakhudza mtundu wa kuwala. Kwa kuwala kwachirengedwe – 5-6 zikwi K. Pamwamba, kuwala kumakhala kozizira, ndi mtundu wa bluish, pamitengo yotsika – yotentha.
  • Mayendedwe a dziko. Zimatanthauzidwa mu madigiri – kuchokera ku mayunitsi ochepa kufika mazana angapo. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa magetsi a paki kumafika ku 360 °.
  • Gulu la chitetezo. Mlingo wa chitetezo cha kapangidwe kake ku chikoka choyipa cha chilengedwe chimadalira. Dzinali ndi “IP” ndi manambala awiri. Gulu lapamwamba kwambiri, chitetezo chodalirika kwambiri. Kalasi yocheperako ndi IP54.
  • Moyo wonse. Zimatengera mphamvu, khalidwe, wopanga. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kulemba: L ndi chiwerengero cha maola.

Opanga Kuwala Kwakunja kwa LED

Pamodzi ndi kutchuka kwa nyali za LED, chiwerengero cha opanga awo chikukulanso. Zofuna zapamwamba ndi ziyembekezo zimayikidwa pa nyali za mumsewu – ziyenera kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, ngakhale zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kuzinthu zamakampani odziwika bwino.

Ngati wopanga sapereka tsatanetsatane wa tochi ya LED, ndizotheka kuti pali zovuta zamtundu. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3 yogwira ntchito, kuwala kowala kwa nyali zotsika kumachepetsedwa ndi theka.

Mitundu yomwe mungakhulupirire:

  • Nichia ndi kampani yaku Japan yomwe imapanga ma LED omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa electrostatic.
  • Osram Opto Semiconductors ndi wopanga ku Germany yemwe zinthu zake zimatengedwa kuti ndizoyenera.
  • CREE ndi kampani yaku America yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi mtsogoleri pakupanga kwa LED komanso mayankho anzeru.
  • Seoul Semiconductors ndi wopanga waku South Korea wokhala ndi zozungulira zonse zopanga. Zogulitsa ndi zamtengo wapatali komanso zotsika mtengo poyerekeza ndi opanga ku Europe ndi America.
  • Philips Lumileds – malo ake ofufuza ndi chitukuko ali ku USA, ndipo kampaniyo ili m’gulu la atsogoleri pakupanga ma LED.
  • Vsesvetodiody LLC ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zaku Russia. Magetsi amsewu ambiri amakhala ndi ma Osram LED.
  • Samsung LED ndi wopanga waku Korea yemwe amapanga ma LED ndi nyali zokonzeka zopangidwa mumsewu. Zogulitsa za kampaniyi zimakhala ndi mtengo wabwino wandalama.

Nyali zabwino zakunja za LED

Nyali zabwino kwambiri zokonzekera kuyatsa mumsewu ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala nthawi yayitali, zimapereka kuwala kwapamwamba, ndipo zimatetezedwa modalirika kumvula ndi fumbi.

Street LED nyali

Mitundu yotchuka ya nyali zamsewu:

  • Globo Cotopa 32005-2 ndi nyali yapakhoma yapamwamba kwambiri yochokera kwa wopanga waku Austria. Thupi ndi lakuda, mawonekedwe ake ndi cylindrical. Kutalika – 16 cm, m’lifupi – masentimita 8. M’kati mwake muli nyali 2 zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Malo owunikira – 10 sq. m. Mtengo: 2,640 rubles.
  • Noodvorski 9565 ndi nyali yapamwamba kwambiri. Plafond yake imapangidwa ndi galasi, ndipo maziko ake ndi achitsulo. Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya nyali ndi 35 Watts. Mtengo: 6 995 rubles.
  • Paulmann Plug & Shine Floor 93912 ndi nyali yapansi mu thupi lachitsulo lacylindrical. Nyali ya LED ili pansi pa galasi lathyathyathya, kuwala kumalunjika mmwamba. Mtengo: 8650 rubles.
  • Eglo Penalva 1 94819 ndi nyali yapansi ya 4W. Imagwira ntchito kuchokera pamtundu umodzi wagawo 220 V. Chophimba chowonekera chimayikidwa pazitsulo zachitsulo. Kulemera kwa nsanamira ndi 2 kg. Mtengo: 2480 rubles.
  • Lightstar Lampione 375070 – nyali yokhazikika imatha kuyikika pansi pa ma canopies, pamitengo kapena mabwalo. Mphamvu ya nyali ya LED ndi 8 W. Chida cha ma LED ndi maola 20,000. Mtengo: 2,622 rubles.

Kuyika nyali zakunja za LED

Magetsi am’misewu amayikidwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana – amakhomeredwa pamakoma, okwera pamitengo, amayikidwa pansi.

Mitundu ya nyali zamsewu kutengera njira yoyika:

  • Ground – ali ndi submersible bayonet, yomwe imakwiriridwa pansi ndikukonza nyali. Zitsanzo zimasiyana wina ndi mzake kutalika kwa bayonet ndi kutalika kwa denga.
  • Wall -wokwera – amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira dera lapafupi ndi kuunikira kokongoletsa. Mukayika magetsi odziyimira pawokha (ma solar-powered), ndikofunikira kusankha molondola malo okhudzana ndi makhadi a cardinal.
  • Zoyimitsidwa – zimayikidwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamapangidwe ndikukhazikika mokhazikika (mabulaketi, matabwa, etc.). Kusintha kosinthika kumakhazikitsidwanso (zotambasula, zingwe, ndi zina).
  • Zomangidwa – zimayimira nyumba imodzi yokhala ndi zomanga ndi mapangidwe (masitepe, mizati, njira zamaluwa, ndi zina).

Malangizo oyika nyali zam’misewu:

  1. Mukayika nyali pamitengo nokha, onetsetsani kuti muzimitsa magetsi – alekanitse mzere umodzi kuchokera pamagetsi akunja ndikuyika makina akunja (ngati luminaire ilibe mapanelo adzuwa).
  2. Ikani chingwe pansi, ndikuchiyika choyamba mu chitoliro chamalata.
  3. Ikani chingwecho mpaka kuya kwa 0.5-0.6 m. Bweretsani 1.5 m kuchokera m’mphepete mwa msewu.
  4. Lembani ngalande ya chingwe ndi mchenga kuti mupereke ngalande.
  5. Ngati pali nyali zingapo, zilumikizeni motsatizana pozungulira.
  6. Ikani zida zapansi pa gawo lapansi la miyala ndikukonza ndi matope. Gwiritsani ntchito mulingo kuti muwonetsetse malo omwe ali pamtunda.
  7. Mukatha kusonkhanitsa maziko, gwirizanitsani nyali ku intaneti motsatira malangizo.

Kanema wokhudza kulumikiza ndikuyika nyali yamsewu:

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi okhudza magetsi amsewu a LED

Musanagule zowunikira za LED, ogula ambiri amafuna kudziwa zambiri za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndikuyika kwawo momwe angathere.

Mafunso omwe omwe angakhale ogula amakhala nawo okhudza magetsi amsewu ndi awa:

  • Kodi nyali za mumsewu ziyenera kukhala ndi mlingo wotani wa fumbi ndi chitetezo cha chinyezi? Zimatengera komwe kukhazikitsa kumapangidwira. Panja, IP iyenera kukhala osachepera 44, pansi pa denga – 23, 33 kapena 44, pafupi ndi dziwe kapena kasupe – kuchokera ku IP65, pafupi ndi dziwe m’munda – IP68 (akhoza kugwira ntchito ngakhale pansi pa madzi).
  • Kodi magetsi a mumsewu angayike m’nyumba? Inde, palibe zoletsa pakuyika kwawo m’malo. Koma kwa nyali wamba pali – mlingo wa chitetezo IP ayenera kukhala osachepera 44, ndi makhalidwe ayenera kukhala cholemba – “kwa kutentha msewu”.
  • Ndi zinthu ziti zabwino kwambiri zopangira nyali zamsewu? Kwa nyengo yapakati pa Russia, nyali zopangidwa ndi zitsulo ndi ma polima (pulasitiki) ndizoyenera kwambiri. Zotsirizirazo zimalekerera bwino kwambiri ndi zotsatira zoyipa za nyengo, kukana kutenthedwa, makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi dzimbiri.
  • Ndi mtundu wanji wa kuwala womwe uli wabwino pamsewu? Kutentha kwamtundu wa nyali kumasankhidwa poganizira zomwe zikuyembekezeka. Kuwala mpaka 3 500 K (kutentha) kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi chitonthozo, ndikoyenera kuyatsa ma gazebos, ma verandas, kuwonetsa ma facade.
    Kuwala kochokera ku 4,500 K (kuzizira) kumakhala kowala ndipo nthawi zambiri kumawunikira njira, malo oimikapo magalimoto, ndi ma driveways. Mitundu ya 2,700-4,000 K ndi yosalowerera (masana), tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisankhe ngati yaikulu.
  • Kodi magetsi a mumsewu amaikidwa nthawi ziti? Musamayike magetsi pafupi kwambiri ndi wina ndi mzake, kuyesera kukwaniritsa kuwala kowala komanso kofanana kwa dera. Mitengo ya 1-1.2 m kutalika imalangizidwa kuti ikhale pamtunda wa 5-8 mamita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, mpaka 1 mamita – pamtunda wa 3-5 mamita.

Ndemanga pa kuyatsa kwa msewu wa LED

Roman E., Lipetsk. Pamalo omwe ndidayika magetsi a LED Gadgetut 2030 yokhala ndi sensor yoyenda. Kuwala kumakhala kowala komanso kofanana, kumapirira nyengo iliyonse yoipa. Amagwira ntchito popanda mavuto pa -40…..+40°C. Ngodya yowunikira ndi yotakata – imawunikira pabwalo, malo oimikapo magalimoto, malo ena aliwonse bwino.

Igor T., Voronezh. Ndinayika zoyikapo nyali m’nyumba yakumudzi ndikuyika nyali za 100 W pa iwo. Yamphamvu kwambiri, yotulutsa kuwala kwa 140 lumens pa 1 watt. Kuwalako ndi kowala, choncho nyali imodzi imaunikira malo abwino kwambiri. Kuunikira ndi kwachilengedwe, sikutopetsa maso komanso sikusokoneza mitundu, sikuthwanimira.

Kuwala kwa msewu wa LED sikungopulumutsa magetsi ndikuthetsa vuto la kuunikira, komanso kumapanga kuwala kokongola kwa malo. Zowunikira zamakono za LED, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wawo wa kuyika, zikukhala zinthu zonse zopangira malo.

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