Haɗin igiyoyin LED: dokoki, zane-zane, kurakurai na yau da kullun

Fitilar fitilun LED ya shahara sosai, kuma saboda sauƙin shigar da fitilun LED, har ma mutanen da ba su da masaniya kan irin wannan aikin na iya shigar da shi. Kuna buƙatar ainihin ilimin makarantar kimiyyar lissafi kawai da bin umarnin mataki-mataki.

Janar dokoki don haɗa LED tsiri

Lokacin shigar da tube na LED, dole ne ku bi dokoki masu zuwa:

• Samfurin bai kamata a sanya shi ga kowane damuwa na injiniya ba (dole ne a lankwasa shi, wrinkled), in ba haka ba za a sami matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da lambobin sadarwa, kuma a mafi kyawun sassa ɗaya kawai za su haskaka a kan tef.
• A cikin aiwatar da haɗa nau’ikan tef, ya zama dole don guje wa lalacewa ga waƙoƙin gudanarwa a kan allo. In ba haka ba, irin wannan lahani zai faru.
• Idan nauyin tef ɗin na yanzu ya wuce 4A, masana’antun ba sa ba da shawarar yin amfani da masu haɗawa don haɗawa da haɗa filayen LED. Zai fi aminci don amfani da soldering.
• Dole ne a zaɓi wutar lantarki bisa ga cikakken nauyin na’urar LED, kuma ƙarfin PSU dole ne ya zama 30% mafi girma. Idan ikon naúrar ya kasance ƙasa, to, a cikin shekara ta aiki zai zama kuskure, kamar tef, kuma ajiyar kuɗi ba za ta yi daidai ba.
• Mai sarrafa RGB ko dimmer don canza launi ko haske da samun tasiri mai ƙarfi dole ne ya zama ƙasa da ƙarfi fiye da tef ɗin da aka haɗa. A wannan yanayin, babu buƙatar ajiyar wutar lantarki. Idan mai sarrafa RGB ko dimmer ba shi da isasshen ƙarfi, to za a buƙaci ƙarin amplifier sigina don daidaita ikon da ya ɓace da adadin tashoshi da ake buƙata (don tef ɗin launi ɗaya – tashoshi ɗaya, don tef ɗin RGB – uku, don Tape RGBW – hudu).

[taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_76” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “600”]
Haɗa raƙuman RGB LED guda biyu ta amfani da amplifier [/ taken]

• Idan an yi amfani da ƙarfe ko wani wuri mai ɗaukar hoto don gyara ɗigon LED, to ya zama dole don shigar da kayan rufewar lantarki tsakanin tsiri da goyan baya don kada ya gudana.
• Ya kamata a yi kariyar ƙura da danshi daidai da yanayin amfani da na’urar tef.
• Akwai yuwuwar lalacewar tef ta wutar lantarki ta tsaye.
• Lokacin kunna faifan tef ɗin, yana da aminci kuma mafi aminci don tuntuɓar ƙwararru. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to za ku iya yin haɗin gwiwa da kanku. Yana da matukar mahimmanci kada a rikitar da shigarwar (220V) da fitarwa (12/24V). Domin kada ku sami girgizar lantarki, ba kwa buƙatar yin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin lantarki.

Jerin haɗin sauƙi mai sauƙi na LED tsiri

Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauri don haɗa wayoyi zuwa gadajen tuntuɓar fitilun LED shine haɗin injina ta amfani da na’urar haɗin LED ta musamman. Don haɗawa, dole ne a daidaita madaidaicin madaidaicin tef tare da lambobin haɗin haɗin kuma ɗaukar murfin. Wannan hanyar tana da tsada saboda mai haɗin haɗin kai ɗaya yana da kusan 0.5 m na tef kuma ba shi da aminci kamar yadda ake siyarwa. Ba kowa ba ne zai yarda da irin wannan farashin kuɗi, ba da cewa na’urar hasken wuta ta ƙunshi sassan tef da yawa, kuma ba ɗaya ba.

Lissafin Tsawon Tef

Na farko, ana yin lissafin babban tsayin sashin da za a gyara na’urar tef ɗin akan shi. Tabbatar yin la’akari da cewa za’a iya aiwatar da yankan tef a wasu lokuta daidai da adadin LEDs.

Yanke tef

Samfurin ya ƙunshi sassan da aka haɗa a layi daya. A matsayin wani ɓangare na ɗayan ɓangaren tef ɗin tare da wutar lantarki na 12V, akwai lokuta uku tare da diodes da juriya uku. Kowane mahalli ya ƙunshi lu’ulu’u na semiconductor guda uku tare da ja, kore da shuɗi mai haske. Don lu’ulu’u masu launi ɗaya, ana yin jujjuyawar jeri. Don ƙayyade ƙarfin halin yanzu yana wucewa ta cikin sarƙoƙi na diodes, juriya suna cikin jerin: R1, R2, R3. Akwai lokuta lokacin da kuke buƙatar haɗawa kawai ƙaramin tef, kuma ba duka mita 5 na samfurin ba, wanda ke cikin madaidaicin reel. Sannan dole ne a yanke shi a wuraren da aka riga aka yi alama.

Za a iya yanke tsiri na LED tare da almakashi na malamai na yau da kullun. A matsayinka na mai mulki, sassan da aka yi alama suna daidai da LED guda uku. Wannan ya faru ne saboda daidaitawarsu ta siriyal na kwafi 3.

Idan an yanke tef tare da layin masu sana’a, to wannan ba zai haifar da mummunan sakamako ba. Amma LED guda biyu ne kawai masu buɗe ido ba za su haskaka ba.

Haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar 220V, haɗa wutar lantarki, dimmer

Bayan zabar tushen wutar lantarki, kuna buƙatar haɗa igiyar LED zuwa gare ta.

Tsari daga wutar lantarki ɗaya da tef ɗaya

Ana haɗa wayoyi masu haɗawa zuwa ƙarshen tef ɗin. Idan babu su, dole ne ka sayar da su. Ana auna jajayen waya (-+) da baƙar fata (–) tsayin daka don isa ga wutar lantarki. Ana tsabtace su daga bangarorin biyu. Yin amfani da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, sayar da wayoyi zuwa waƙoƙin tef. Dole ne a yi wannan da sauri don kada a cutar da LEDs, kada a yi zafi da su. A wuraren da aka yi saida, ya kamata a yi insuli mai inganci ta amfani da bututun zafi. Sannan an haɗa tef ɗin zuwa wutar lantarki. Kalli bidiyo na shigarwar tsiri mai sauƙi na LED: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmdDpr5sJH8

Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ɗaya da kaset guda biyu (la’akari da ikon da ya dace na wutar lantarki don irin wannan nauyin)

Idan kana buƙatar shigar, alal misali, igiyar LED mai tsawon mita takwas, dole ne ka haɗa sassan biyu na mita 3 ko 5 kowanne. A cikin wannan yanayin, an ƙayyade wurin da layin incision yake. Sa’an nan kuma, tare da taimakon wayoyi, ana sayar da da’irar da aka karya. Bayan sayar da, guda biyu za a iya haɗa su a layi daya kawai, ba a cikin jerin ba. A wasu yanayi, ana haɗa wutar lantarki ɗaya zuwa filaye na LED da yawa waɗanda ke a nesa daban-daban (misali, hasken taga kanti a cikin shaguna ko kunna wasu abubuwa a nesa daban-daban). A wannan yanayin, babu buƙatar sanya wayoyi don kowane sashe. Kuna iya maye gurbin komai tare da babbar hanya guda ɗaya, wanda adadin da ake buƙata na tube LED an riga an haɗa shi. Dimmer don tsiri na LED yana aiki da 12/24V. Ana haɗa shi a cikin kewayawa tare da samar da wutar lantarki, kuma a daya bangaren kuma, an haɗa wani tsiri na LED da shi. Ana haɗa abubuwan da ke samar da wutar lantarki zuwa shigar da dimmer, kuma an haɗa abin da ke fitowa da fitilun LED. Tabbatar kiyaye polarity.

Idan dimmer ba shi da isasshen iko don haɗa tef, to kuna buƙatar amfani da amplifier (an nuna hoton haɗin gwiwa a farkon labarin).

Haɗa guntun tef

Ana amfani da siyarwa don haɗa sassan sassan tef. Wajibi ne don tsaftace farfajiyar ginshiƙan tuntuɓar da ke cikin yankin da aka yanke. Kowane dandamali a kan sashin ƙarshen tef ɗin an haɗa shi da dandamali daga ɗayan ƙarshen. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da waya, wanda diamita bai wuce 0.5 mm ba. Don samun damar yin amfani da madaidaicin lambar sadarwa, wajibi ne a cire Layer na murfin silicone na tef (samfurin da aka rufe kawai suna da shi). Sannan ana sayar da wayoyi zuwa wadannan shafuka. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka don haɗa igiyoyin LED ta amfani da masu haɗawa. Don yin wannan, lambobin sadarwar su suna haɗuwa da juna, kuma an rufe murfin a saman. [taken magana id = “abin da aka makala_65” align = “aligncenter” nisa = “600”]
Mai haɗin haɗi don sassauƙan haɗin ribbon biyu[/ taken magana]

Matsalolin wayoyi masu rikitarwa

Haɗa kaset masu yawa

Idan an haɗa kaset da yawa, kuma wutar lantarki ba ta samar da isasshen wutar lantarki ba, to kowane ɗayansu ana iya amfani dashi tare da naúrar kansa idan yana da matakan da suka dace.

Haɗa tef ɗin RGB

Lokacin 
haɗa igiyar LED ta RGB , ana amfani da ƙarin na’ura – mai sarrafawa. Tare da taimakonsa, ana sarrafa launuka, ƙarfin hasken diodes ya dogara da shi. Bambance-bambancen kaset mai launi ɗaya shine ana amfani da wayoyi huɗu don haɗawa: ɗaya daga cikinsu yana da yawa, kuma ana sarrafa launuka ta amfani da sauran wayoyi uku. Lokacin haɗawa, ana amfani da siyar da haɗe-haɗe na musamman.

Haɗa zuwa wutar lantarki ta kwamfuta

Kayan wutar lantarki na PC yana da tashar wutar lantarki na 12V wanda ya dace da na’urorin LED. A gaban toshewar ATX, ba za a iya fara na’urar nan da nan ba ta hanyar toshe ta cikin tashar wuta. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka fara rufe kore da baƙar fata wayoyi a kan babban haɗin.
Daga nan sai a yanke mahaɗar molex ko kuma a yi amfani da nau’in molex “mahaifiya”, sannan a sayar da tef a kan wayoyi. Sakamakon shine zane mai rugujewa. Don haɗa na’urar haske mai ƙarfi sosai, ana ba da shawarar haɗa wayoyi masu launin rawaya da yawa don rage raguwar ƙarfin lantarki.

Ba a ba da shawarar samar da wutar lantarki ta kwamfuta don amfani ba tare da kaya ba.

Kurakurai masu yuwuwar haɗin kai da kawar da su

Babban abubuwan da ke haifar da gazawar LED sun haɗa da yin amfani da samfurori marasa inganci da kayan wuta, da kuma shigarwa mara kyau da haɗin tef. Saboda kurakurai, rayuwar na’urorin hasken wuta yana raguwa sosai.

Kurakurai lokacin haɗa dogon tef

Lokacin yin haɗin kayan ado, tsiri mai haske zai iya zama tsayin mita 10 ko ma 25. Da kallo na farko, da alama za ku iya haɗa shi a jere kuma kun gama. Koyaya, waɗannan ayyuka ba daidai ba ne. Tef guda ɗaya na iya kaiwa tsayin tsayin mita 5, saboda a baya an ƙididdige shi cewa wani adadin na yanzu zai iya gudana tare da waƙoƙinsa. Lokacin haɗa wani yanki na mita biyar na fitilun LED, ana samun ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin ƙididdige nauyin da ke kan waƙoƙin gudanarwa a farkon yanki. Irin wannan haɗin yana haifar da rashin daidaituwa na LEDs kuma zai haifar da ƙonewa mai sauri. Don haskaka sassan da tsayin su ya wuce mita 5, ana haɗa nau’in tef ɗin a layi daya, don haka za ku yi amfani da dogon waya mai haɗawa (5 m ko fiye).

Babban abin da za a yi la’akari shine babban juriya na dogon waya. Dangane da haka, don kada wutar lantarki ta ragu sosai a cikinsa, wannan ƙarin waya dole ne ta kasance mai kashi biyu.

Ana haɗe igiyoyin LED tare da kayan wuta ɗaya ko biyu ta amfani da haɗin gefe ɗaya ko biyu. Bugu da ƙari, tare da shigarwa mai gefe biyu, ƙarfin samfurin dole ne ya wuce 9.6 W / m. Irin wannan hasken wuta zai fi tsada, saboda za a buƙaci ƙarin kebul, amma wannan yana ramawa ta hanyar inganci da tsawon rayuwar sabis.

Hawan tef ɗin ba tare da bayanin martaba ba

Dole ne a daidaita tsiri na LED zuwa bayanin martabar aluminum wanda ke aiki azaman radiyo mai sanyaya. A lokacin aiki, ba kawai magudanar hasken da ke fitowa daga diodes ba, har ma da zafi, kuma idan zafi ya tashi, haskensu zai ragu, saboda LEDs zai rushe kuma ya rushe. A sakamakon haka, ya zama cewa maimakon shekaru 5 na sabis na tef, zai yi kasa a cikin shekara guda. Koyaya, idan bayanin martabar aluminum yana nan, LEDs zasuyi aiki a yanayin yanayin zafi na al’ada. Yadda za a zaɓa da shigar da bayanin martaba an bayyana
a nan .

Yiwuwar zafi fiye da kima ga ɗigon LED tare da fim ɗin kariya na silicone akan diodes. Canja wurin zafi a kan irin waɗannan kaset ɗin yana faruwa ne kawai ta hanyar substrate, kuma lokacin da aka manne shi a saman katako ko filastik, ana tabbatar da saurin zafi don irin waɗannan kaset.

Ba daidai ba zabi na samar da wutar lantarki

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki dole ne ya zama 30% mafi girma fiye da jimlar ikon tsiri na LED da aka haɗa da shi. Godiya ga wannan ajiyar wutar lantarki, na’urar za ta iya yin aiki da aminci kuma na dogon lokaci. Lokacin shigar da wutar lantarki mai kusan daidaitattun sigogin wutar lantarki, zai yi aiki a iyakarsa, wanda zai haifar da raguwa a cikin albarkatunsa. Ba shi da wahala a ƙididdige ikon da ake buƙata na wutar lantarki. Misali, lokacin siyan tef na mita 15, idan ikonsa ya kasance 4.8 W a kowace mita 1, girman jimlar wutar zai zama 4.8×15 + 72 V. Wannan yana buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki tare da ajiyar wutar lantarki na 30%, kamar yadda sakamakon, 93.6 Watt. Yadda ake lissafin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ake buƙata an bayyana shi dalla-dalla a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa: https://youtu.be/WA07cYPxYD0?t=93 Bayan da kansa ya yi nazarin fasalin haɗin igiyoyin LED, zaka iya samar da kowane aiki ko sararin gida tare da ingantaccen haske da tattalin arziki. Babban abu shine bin ka’idoji masu sauƙi don aiki tare da wutar lantarki da lissafin da aka yi.