Yadda za a lissafta ikon da ake buƙata na fitilun LED?

Nau’in fitilu na yau da kullun a kasuwannin Rasha sune halogen, fluorescent, daidaitattun fitilu da hasken LED. Daga cikin dukkan nau’ikan, LEDs suna jagorantar yau. Analogues sun kasance ƙasa da su a cikin ma’auni masu yawa, babban abin da ke nuna alamar wutar lantarki dangane da amfani da makamashi.

Menene wutar lantarki LED fitilu?

Ikon fitilun LED ya bambanta daga 1W zuwa 14W. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ƙimar wutar lantarki ba ta ƙayyade hasken fitilar ba. Fitilar LED mai 7-watt tana haskakawa tare da ƙarfi iri ɗaya kamar fitilun incandescent na yau da kullun 60-watt.

Hakanan akwai ma’anar “factor factor na LED fitilu”. Wannan ƙimar tana daidai da rabon ƙarfin aiki na nauyin da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa ƙarfin da ke bayyane. Siga na ƙarshe yana nuna samfurin ƙimar RMS na ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu.

Yaya ake auna ƙarfin fitilun LED?

Halin farko da mafi mahimmanci ga masu siye shine ikon hasken baya na LED. Ingancin hasken wuta ya dogara da mai nuna alama. Ana auna ƙarfin fitilar diode a watts.

Halayen ikon da masana’anta suka bayyana akan marufi na iya zama wani lokacin ba su dace da gaskiya da tsammanin ba. Kula da siga na hasken haske na fitilar jagora – shi ne ke da alhakin haske.

Wadanne sigogi ne ikon LED ya shafa?

Bugu da ƙari, wutar lantarki, lokacin zabar fitilar LED , dubi wasu ƙarin halaye na fasaha. Dukansu suna shafar ingancin hasken wuta.

Haske kwarara

Hasken da diode ko wani tushe ke fitarwa ana kiransa luminous flux kuma ana auna shi da lumens (lm). Don dacewa da zaɓi, masana’anta suna nuna akan kunshin daidai da fitilar a cikin tsarin Watt da aka saba. Amma sau da yawa, lokacin da masu amfani suka dawo gida, sun gano cewa analog na 60 watts yana haskakawa.

Mutane sun saba don sanin hasken hasken fitilu a cikin watts. Tambayi kowa wane fitila ce mafi haske. Za su amsa muku: “Hakika, 100 watts.” Saboda haka, darajar 3-6 W na iya zama mai rudani. Don kauce wa rikicewa, tuna cewa watts suna ƙayyade makamashin da ake cinyewa, kuma matakin haske ya dogara da wasu dabi’u.

Lokacin zabar fitilar LED, kula da ba iko ba, amma ga lumens. Kai tsaye ya dogara da yawan hasken da zai kasance a cikin dakin. Ana nuna bayanai akan marufi, amma yawanci a cikin ƙananan haruffa.

Yadda za a ƙayyade haske na LED: ƙarin lumens, mafi haskaka hasken tushen. Ƙimar fitilu daga masana’antun daban-daban bazai dace ba. Duk ya dogara da ingancin sassan. Don samfuran China masu arha, wannan adadi ya fi ƙasa da sanannun samfuran.

Menene kamfanonin da aka tabbatar a cikin kasuwar fitilar LED:

• Xiaomi;
• Philips;
• Megaman;
• Osram;
• IKEA
• Feron, da dai sauransu.

Haske tare da lumen iri ɗaya na iya bambanta tsakanin sabo da tsoffin hanyoyin haske. Idan zai yiwu, ko da yaushe tambayi mai sayarwa ya duba fitilar da ke gabanka.

Fitowar haske

Ingancin gani na fitilun LED (fitarwa haske) shine rabon haske mai haske wanda fitilar ke fitarwa zuwa adadin wutar da ake cinyewa a lokaci guda daga tushen wutar lantarki. Wato ingancin makamashi ko kuma yadda ake canza wutar lantarki zuwa haske.

LEDs tare da ikon 1-20 W suna da fitowar haske na 40-120 lm / W. Amma tun da duk masana’antun sun nuna a cikin bayanin iyakar aikin fitilunsu a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, ainihin rayuwa da fitowar haske koyaushe za su kasance ƙasa.

Zazzabi mai launi

Lokacin zabar fitila, la’akari da nau’in haske. Ana kuma kiransa launi na sauyin haske ko zafin launi. Ana auna alamar a Kelvin (K) kuma akwai manyan nau’ikan guda uku:

• dumi (2700-3000 K);
• tsaka tsaki (4000-4100 K);
• sanyi (5000-6500 K).

Na farko rawaya ne. Ƙarshen ana la’akari da haske. Kuma fari mai tsaka tsaki yayi daidai da hasken rana.

Don ciyar da lokaci a cikin ɗakin cikin kwanciyar hankali:

• Kada ku zaɓi fitilun fitilu masu haske, waɗanda galibi ana amfani da su a ofisoshi da wuraren masana’antu.
• Zai fi kyau a fi son zafin launi a cikin kewayon daga 3000 zuwa 4000 K. Irin waɗannan fitilu sun fi kama da hasken rawaya na al’ada na hasken rana.

A kan marufi na na’urar haske, ana iya rubuta nau’in haske a cikin rubutu. Zaɓi zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yiwa lakabin “fararen dumi” ko “fararen laushi”.

Nauyin

Ba kamar fitilun gargajiya ba, tushen LED yana da ƙarin abubuwa – direbobi da sauran sassan da ke haɓaka nauyi. Lokacin zabar na’urar hasken LED, yi la’akari da girman nauyinsa, musamman idan an saka fitilun fitilu a cikin chandeliers da sauran kayan da aka riga aka tsara.

Babban taro na fitilun LED yana da fa’idodin haɓaka aminci, dorewa, da tsawon rayuwar sabis.

kusurwa mai watsawa

Beam kusurwa shine ma’auni na yadda haske ke yaduwa daga tushen haske zuwa saman. An ƙidaya a cikin digiri. Na’urori masu haske na nau’ikan nau’ikan da tsari daban-daban suna haskaka ta hanyoyi daban-daban:

• Fitillun incandescent na gargajiya suna ba da haske a duk kwatance kuma suna da matsakaicin 360°.
• Tabobin Halogen suna haifar da ƙunƙuntaccen hasken shugabanci. Hannun hasken su yana daga 8° zuwa 60°.

Tare da kusurwar watsawa na LEDs, duk abin da ya fi rikitarwa. Yawancin tushen LED waɗanda ke maye gurbin fitilun incandescent na gargajiya suna da tushe mai tushe na diamita ɗaya da fitilar kanta. Ba sa nuna haske, kuma lokacin da aka karkatar da fitilar zuwa ƙasa, rufin ya kasance duhu, wanda wani lokaci ba shi da kyau.

Kwanan nan, fitilun fitilu da yawa sun bayyana tare da madaidaicin hula, wanda ya fi girma fiye da jikin fitilar, saboda wanda ƙananan haske kuma ya buga baya (a kan rufi).

Kuskuren katako na tushen LED daban-daban:

• Filament diode fitilun suna da faɗin kusurwar haske iri ɗaya kamar fitilun fitilu na gargajiya.
• Yawancin kayan aikin LED (fitilar rufi tare da GU10 da GU5.3 tushe) suna fitar da hasken yanayi a kusurwar kusa da 100 ° kuma suna haifar da haske saboda kusurwa mai yawa.
• LEDs na al’ada suna da ma’aunin watsawa na 120°.
• Wasu fitilun diode suna da ƙunƙuntaccen katako mai shimfiɗa kwana – kamar fitilun halogen. Suna da sauƙin ganewa ta ruwan tabarau wanda ke gaban LEDs.

Daidai ikon sauran nau’ikan hasken wuta

Teburin yana nuna rabon iko da haske mai haske don incandescent, fluorescent da nau’ikan LED:

Mafi yawan kuskuren kuskuren shine cewa LED 10W yayi daidai da kwan fitila mai incandescent 100W. A gaskiya:

1. Fitilolin LED masu ƙarfi suna da kwalabe masu sanyi don kare idanu (musamman ga yara). Irin wannan kwan fitila yana rage haske da 20% + 1 watt ana kashewa akan dumama direba (10 * 20/100 = 2, da ƙari 1 = 3 W).
2. A sakamakon haka, muna samun kawai 7 watts na iko mai amfani. A matsakaita, wannan shine 700-800 Lumens, wanda bai kai 1300 Lm da ake buƙata ba, wanda fitilar incandescent ta 100 W ke fitarwa.

Hakanan yana da daraja ambaton fitulun ceton makamashi. Maɓuɓɓuka masu ƙarancin amfani suna da mafi girman inganci yayin ci gaba da aiki, amma tare da kunnawa da kashewa akai-akai, suna ciyarwa sau da yawa ƙarin kuzari akan dumama kuma da farko kunna kawai a rabin iko, sannu a hankali ya tashi.

Teburin magana don ceton makamashi da fitilun LED:

Yadda za a zabi fitilu da iko?

Lokacin zabar fitilar LED, teburin wasiƙun da ke sama ya jagorance su. Bayan samun iko na yau da kullun na fitilar incandescent a ciki, zaku iya gano alamar da ake buƙata don tushen LED ta hanyar kallon layi na gaba kawai.

Misali, idan kuna neman maye gurbin kwan fitilar 60W, saya tushen LED na 8W ko 650Lm.

Wadanne ƙarin fasalulluka ke da fitilun LED:

• Yawancin fitilu suna da direbobi tare da stabilizers, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga manyan sauye-sauyen wutar lantarki a cikin hanyar sadarwa (yayin da hasken fitilu da wutar lantarki ba ya canzawa).
• Wasu na’urori suna da ginanniyar batura don kunnawa mai sarrafa kansa – ana iya kunna su daga baturi mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi.
• Akwai ƙwararrun gyare-gyare na LED masu dimmable waɗanda suka dace da ikon sarrafawa ( dimmers ).
• LEDs na iya fitar da launuka daban-daban saboda amfani da RGB diodes (ja, kore, blue) – wannan baya shafar adadin watts.
• Akwai hanyoyin haske waɗanda za’a iya sarrafa su daga nesa ko ta hanyar Wi-Fi – kuma ba lallai ne ku damu da ƙara yawan wutar lantarki ba.

Ana ba da shawarar yin ƙididdige mafi kyawun wutar lantarki lokacin gyarawa da shigar da kayan aiki. Don haka koyaushe za ku san adadin watts waɗanda yakamata su kasance a cikin fitilun, da adadin masu haskakawa da ake buƙata.

Idan kuna son sanin yawan ƙarfin LEDs yakamata su kasance a cikin ɗaki na musamman, la’akari da sigogi masu zuwa:

• girman dakin (RP);
• ƙididdiga adadin luminaires da za a shigar (CS);
• haske mai haske (SP);
• matakin hasken dakin (UO).

Don ƙididdige fitilun fitilu, yi amfani da dabara mai zuwa: SP \u003d UO * RP / KS. Idan kana buƙatar sanin matakin haske a kowace murabba’in mita, yi amfani da kalmar: BL = KS * SP / RP.

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kalkuleta na musamman akan layi don ƙididdigewa, misali https://www.calc.ru/osveshchennost-pomeshcheniya-kalkulyator.html. Shigar da sigogin da aka rubuta a sama. Sa’an nan tsarin zai lissafta mafi kyawun matakin haske na ɗakin ta atomatik.

Ingantacciyar kusurwar hasken LED tana kusan digiri 120. Yi lissafin matsayi don isasshen haske ya faɗi akan kowace murabba’in mita.

Idan ba a yi amfani da fitilun fitilu a cikin chandelier ba, amma ana amfani da su da kansu, a cikin nau’i na fitilun rufi, haskensu ya kamata ya zama 1/2 sau mafi girma.

Don tsara fitilu na daidaitattun ɗakuna (square, rectangular), zaku iya kula da teburin lissafin wutar lantarki na gargajiya:

Yawancin ya dogara da daidai zaɓi na fitilun LED. Fitilar fitilu masu inganci na iya rage yawan kuɗaɗen amfani don haskakawa. A yau, LEDs suna adana har zuwa 85% na farashi a cikin wannan rukunin. Bugu da ƙari, hasken LED yana kusa da na halitta kamar yadda zai yiwu, wanda ke da tasiri mai amfani ga lafiyar ɗan adam da jin daɗin rayuwa.