In conditions of increased explosiveness, special safety requirements are imposed on artificial lighting. To avoid accidents, the luminaires are installed in an explosion-proof version. Lighting fixtures with led lamps are the most modern version of such products.
Design features
Explosion-proof led-lamps have a number of design features:
- designed from fire resistant materials;
- housing made of polymer plastic or high-strength glass withstands high temperatures;
- steel reflective elements prevent heating;
- Reinforced frame provides greater strength.
There are additional technological features for even more reliable protection against explosions:
- intrinsically safe electrical circuit;
- inert gases inside the case;
- body overpressure.
Thanks to the peculiarities of the development, the luminaires retain their integrity under the influence of production factors. They are not afraid:
- vibration;
- pressure;
- aggressive environments;
- elevated temperatures.
Specifications
The parameters of explosion-proof lamps include:
- Explosion protection classes. Explosion-proof lamps are divided into 3 classes depending on the zone in which they are installed in terms of duration and presence of an explosive mixture of gases:
- class 0 – in the area where explosive gases are regularly or for a long time;
- class 1 – in the area where there is a possibility of finding a gas mixture during normal operation;
- class 2 – in the area where the gas mixture is absent or appears rarely and for a short time.
- Luminous flux – the emission of light for a certain unit of time, measured in Lumens (Lm). The range of radiant energy varies in LED lamps from 200 to 2500 lm, the higher – the brighter.
- Power is the amount of energy converted into light and measured in Watts (W). For general use, lamps of 3-15 W are produced, for industry – up to 100 W.
- Operating temperatures – range on a scale in degrees Celsius from – 60 to 100 for lamps with polycarbonate protection, up to 550 when using heat-resistant borosilicate glass.
- Pulsation coefficient – the strength of fluctuations in the flow of light, measured in%. Flicker of LED lamps 0% under the condition of stable current.
- The thermal temperature of LED sources is the hue of the white light, measured in Kelvin (K). They are divided into warm (2700-3500 K), neutral (3500-5000 K), cold (5000-6600 K). Hues above 3500 K are used as emergency lighting.
Benefits of using
Explosion-proof LED fixtures are improving every day and have a number of key advantages over fluorescent and incandescent fixtures:
- Comprehensive protection against:
- short circuit and increased voltage in the network;
- impacts, thanks to the durable diffuser glass;
- destruction at high pressure;
- ingress of dust moisture into the lamp.
- High light output is 2 times more efficient than fluorescent and energy-saving lamps, 7 times more efficient than old incandescent lamps.
- Energy Efficiency . Convert electricity into light with the highest efficiency. LED lamps integrated in luminaires reduce energy consumption by at least 50% compared to fluorescent lamps and by 85% compared to incandescent lamps at the same brightness.
- The guaranteed service life of LED lamps is 60,000 hours, fluorescent lamps are 8 times less, and incandescent lamps are 50 times less.
- Environmental friendliness . They do not contain toxic metals and do not require special disposal.
Application
Explosion-proof luminaires are designed so that sparks cannot occur in them. This means that they cannot cause an explosion in production shops with a high explosion and fire hazard, under the influence of aggressive environments. Explosion-proof LED lamps use:
- in industrial premises;
- outdoors;
- at gas stations;
- for spotlights.
Explosion-proof light sources are in demand in sectors of the economy where they are used due to a significant reduction in emergency situations:
- in the extraction of minerals;
- in the flour industry;
- in the gas and oil production complex;
- in power plants;
- in the chemical industry;
- in metallurgy;
- in the woodworking industry.
Types of explosion-proof luminaires
All devices are marked, the letters Ex indicate explosion-proof design. The designations on the packaging are duplicated on the instrument case or a metal plate – nameplate. To determine which light source is needed for certain industries and conditions, let’s look at the types of fixtures and markings.
According to the level of explosion protection
Explosion-proof led-lamps are divided into 3 levels:
- 0 – especially explosion-proof (protect under normal operating conditions);
- 1 – explosion-proof (provide protection both during normal operation and in case of damage);
- 2 – increased reliability (enhanced protection).
By type of protection
Products may have the following markings:
- o – oil filling of the shell – immersion in a protective liquid that prevents ignition;
- p – filling with protective gas under pressure – creates an explosion-proof environment in the luminaire with pressure fluctuations;
- q – quartz filling – does not protect against the explosion of the lamp, but prevents an external explosion;
- d – flameproof shell – withstands an internal explosion without deformation of the protective case;
- e – protection against elevated temperatures;
- i – intrinsically safe electrical circuit – supports intrinsically safe current;
- m – insulation of parts of the lamp capable of sparking with a compound;
- n – type of protection for general use with increased safety measures.
The peculiarities of working in different environments
Explosion-proof lamps according to the features of work in different environments are divided into classes:
- 1 – used in mines;
- 2 – used in explosive industrial premises and outdoor installations;
- 3 – are installed in industries with explosive dust.
Explosion-proof lighting fixtures with LED lamps are the best choice for environments with increased explosion hazard. Thanks to the wide range of models, it is not difficult to choose a lamp for any parameters.
Однозначно, что на взрывоопасность LED-светильников надо обращать внимание, раньше об этом никто ничего не знал. Особенно актуальной взрывоопасность становится при использовании светодиодных светильников большой мощности, которые используются на производстве, а не в домашних условиях. Радует, что разнообразие таких светильников дает возможность правильно подобрать светильник к определенным условиям. Очень понравилось, что здесь представлено классификация и маркировка LED-светильников по взрывоопасности.
Классификация светодиодных приборов весьма обширна, но именно их разнообразие и позволяет с таким успехом подбирать идеальные варианты в каждом конкретном случае – мягкий рассеянный свет для спальни, теплый и яркий для кухни, мощное белое освещение для офиса. Различаются LED светильники по типу света:
● белый натуральный;
● белый теплый;
● белый холодный;
● желтый теплый.
Впервые слышу, что бы светодиодные светильники были взрывоопасными, всегда считал их самыми безопасными средствами освещения. В моей жизни, в моей практике строителя ни разу не было, что бы такой светильник взорвался или была с ним какая нибудь неприятность связанная со здоровьем человека. Светодиодные светильники считаю самыми надежными и самыми безопасными. Как говорится технический прогресс не стоит на месте и в освещении требования безопасности всегда были высокими и оборудования на светодиодах этой безопасности соответствую.
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